Diet-Induced Thermogenesis

Rothwell, Nancy J.; Stock, Michael J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9937-7_9

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In rodent, the sympathetic regulation of BAT function is well known, and BAT plays an important role in regulation of energy balance. Much of that increase in energy expenditure has been attributed to accelerated thermogenesis by BAT [11]. Obese (ob/ob) mice and rats (fa/fa) have high efficiencies of energy retention and this has been linked to low sympathetic activity in their BAT [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin resistance and low sympathetic nerve activity in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetic mouse: a new model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

et al. 2006

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin resistance and low sympathetic nerve activity in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetic mouse: a new model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

et al. 2006

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“…In contrast, thermogenesis by BAT is less important in the heat-exposed and heatacclimated animals. Although low environmental temperature and overeating-related adaptive changes (Rothwell et al 1990) in BAT have been well-investigated, information on changes related to high environmental temperature is scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive modification of membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and metabolic thermosuppression of brown adipose tissue in heat-acclimated rats

Saha¹,

Ohno

Tsuchiya

et al. 2000

International Journal of Biometeorology

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Thermogenesis, especially facultative thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue (BAT), is less important in high ambient temperature and the heat-acclimated animals show a lower metabolic rate. Adaptive changes in the metabolic activity of BAT are generally found to be associated with a modification of membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition. However, the effect of heat acclimation on membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition is as yet unknown. In this study, we examined the thermogenic activity and phospholipid fatty acid composition of interscapular BAT from heat-acclimated rats (control: 25+/-1 degrees C, 50% relative humidity and heat acclimation: 32+/-0.5 degrees C, 50% relative humidity). Basal thermogenesis and the total thermogenic capacity after noradrenaline stimulation, as estimated by in vitro oxygen consumption of BAT (measured polarographically using about 1-mm(3) tissue blocks), were smaller in the heat-acclimated group than in the control group. There was no difference in the tissue content of phospholipids between the groups when expressed per microgram of DNA. The phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed by a capillary gas chromatograph. The state of phospholipid unsaturation, as estimated by the number of double bonds per fatty acid molecule, was similar between the groups. The saturated fatty acid level was higher in the heat-acclimated group. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, heat acclimation decreased docosahexaenoic acid and oleic acid levels, and increased the arachidonic acid level. The tissue level of docosahexaenoic acid correlated with the basal oxygen consumption of BAT (r=0.6, P<0.01) and noradrenalinestimulated maximum values of oxygen consumption (r=0.5, P<0.05). Our results show that heat acclimation modifies the BAT phospholipid fatty acids, especially the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid, which is possibly involved in the metabolic thermosuppression.

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“…The physiological role of endogenous heat production by nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) 2 of mammals, in particular small mammals, hibernators, and neonates, is the maintenance of a constant high body temperature (T b ) independent of daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations (1). Heat production by BAT is, however, also activated by high calorie diets (2), and because the presence of BAT has been recently shown in adult humans, it is in the focus as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human body weight disorders (3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat production by BAT is, however, also activated by high calorie diets (2), and because the presence of BAT has been recently shown in adult humans, it is in the focus as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human body weight disorders (3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupling Protein 1 Decreases Superoxide Production in Brown Adipose Tissue Mitochondria

Oelkrug

Kutschke

Meyer

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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In thermogenic brown adipose tissue, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) catalyzes the dissipation of mitochondrial proton motive force as heat. In a cellular environment of high oxidative capacity such as brown adipose tissue (BAT), mitochondrial uncoupling could also reduce deleterious reactive oxygen species, but the specific involvement of UCP1 in this process is disputed. By comparing brown adipose tissue mitochondria of wild type mice and UCP1-ablated litter mates, we show that UCP1 potently reduces mitochondrial superoxide production after cold acclimation and during fatty acid oxidation. We address the sites of superoxide production and suggest diminished probability of "reverse electron transport" facilitated by uncoupled respiration as the underlying mechanism of reactive oxygen species suppression in BAT. Furthermore, ablation of UCP1 represses the cold-stimulated increase of substrate oxidation normally seen in active BAT, resulting in lower superoxide production, presumably avoiding deleterious oxidative damage. We conclude that UCP1 allows high oxidative capacity without promoting oxidative damage by simultaneously lowering superoxide production.

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Diet-Induced Thermogenesis

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Insulin resistance and low sympathetic nerve activity in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetic mouse: a new model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

Insulin resistance and low sympathetic nerve activity in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetic mouse: a new model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

Adaptive modification of membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and metabolic thermosuppression of brown adipose tissue in heat-acclimated rats

Uncoupling Protein 1 Decreases Superoxide Production in Brown Adipose Tissue Mitochondria

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