Diet‐induced obesity, adipose inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction correlating with PAR2 expression are attenuated by PAR2 antagonism

Lim, Junxian; Iyer, Abishek; Liu, Ligong; Suen, Jacky Y.; Lohman, Rink-Jan; Seow, Vernon; Yau, Mei-Kwan; Brown, Lindsay; Fairlie, David P.

doi:10.1096/fj.13-232702

Cited by 94 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

101

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This molecule, called GB88, has been shown to reduce inflammation and cardiovascular damage triggered by a high fat diet in rats. Moreover, GB88 significantly diminishes BP in these animals [171] . Further investigations are needed to determine whether renal PAR2 is implicated in the BP-lowering effects of GB88.…”

Section: Regulation Of Sodium Transport In the Distal Nephron By "Novmentioning

confidence: 80%

New insights into sodium transport regulation in the distal nephron: Role of G-protein coupled receptors

Morla

Edwards

Crambert

2016

WJBC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The renal handling of Na + balance is a major determinant of the blood pressure (BP) level. The inability of the kidney to excrete the daily load of Na + represents the primary cause of chronic hypertension. Among the different segments that constitute the nephron, those present in the distal part (i.e ., the cortical thick ascending limb, the distal convoluted tubule, the connecting and collecting tubules) play a central role in the fine-tuning of renal Na + excretion and are the target of many different regulatory processes that modulate Na + retention more or less efficiently. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucially involved in this regulation and could represent efficient pharmacological targets to control BP levels. In this review, we describe both classical and novel GPCR-dependent regulatory systems that have been shown to modulate renal Na + absorption in the distal nephron. In addition to the multiplicity of the GPCR that regulate Na + excretion, this review also highlights the complexity of these different pathways, and the connections between them.

show abstract

Section: Regulation Of Sodium Transport In the Distal Nephron By "Novmentioning

confidence: 80%

New insights into sodium transport regulation in the distal nephron: Role of G-protein coupled receptors

Morla

Edwards

Crambert

2016

WJBC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Obesity is characterized by a chronic, lowgrade inflammatory response 27 , and integration of metabolic tissue and immune cells contribute to obesity and obesity-related inflammation by sharing a common cellular target 28 . Inflammation in adipose tissue may occur as early as in childhood 29 .…”

Section: Potential Biological Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility: A Review

Gianfrancesco¹,

Barcellos²

2016

J Neurol Neuromed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several studies conducted around the world over the last decade have demonstrated that early childhood and adolescent obesity are significant risk factors for MS susceptibility. This association has been largely confirmed in females, while evidence supporting a strong role for obesity and risk of MS in males has been mixed. Further, interaction between increased body mass index and genetic as well as environmental factors in MS susceptibility has been proposed, and evidence of a causal relationship has recently been established. In this review, we discuss findings supporting the significant association between obesity and MS, as well as identify areas for future investigation.

show abstract

“…Diet-induced obesity is considered a chronic inflammatory condition 3 . The thymus plays a central role in modifying the chronic inflammatory processes associated with obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Detection of FOXP3 Shows Stimulatory Effect of Metformin on Thymus Regulatory T-Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Akkila

Ibraheem

Hameed

2016

PBJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metformin is an adjuvant drug used in the treatment of obesity and diabetes, two conditions associated with stress and chronic inflammation that affects thymus structure and function.Recent evidence suggests a complex role of metformin in thymic homeostasis. The study was designed to develop an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and treat it with metformin to evaluate its effects on the thymus. In addition, its general effects on body weight and blood glucose level were also investigated. Over a period of 6 weeks, 30 albino male mice (4-5 weeks) were fed either regular chow (control group, N=10) or high fat diet (obese group). The obese group was then subjected to low dose streptozotocin induction of diabetes and divided into two subgroups, one of which was treated with metformin (N=10) while the other was not (N=10). Body weight, random blood sugar, relative thymus weight were recorded. Thymic tissue sections were stained with H & E to study general histology and with single immunohistochemical stain to detect regulatory T-cell using FOXP3 marker. Thymic corticomedullary ratio and regulator cell frequency were calculated. Metformin was successful in reducing body weight and blood glucose levels in treated animals. The thymus had higher relative weight and less cortical cellularity but more frequently counted regulatory cells.Untreated animals showed signs of thymic involution but increased corticomedullary ration in response to reduced regulator cell counts. Metformin has both direct and indirect effects in correcting metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity and diabetes. These effects are anti-inflammatory and may be responsible for stimulation of thymic immunosuppressive cells.Contrariwise, obesity and diabetes have detrimental effects on thymus structure and homeostasis.

show abstract

Diet‐induced obesity, adipose inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction correlating with PAR2 expression are attenuated by PAR2 antagonism

Cited by 94 publications

References 58 publications

New insights into sodium transport regulation in the distal nephron: Role of G-protein coupled receptors

New insights into sodium transport regulation in the distal nephron: Role of G-protein coupled receptors

Obesity and Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility: A Review

Immunohistochemical Detection of FOXP3 Shows Stimulatory Effect of Metformin on Thymus Regulatory T-Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About