Diet-induced changes in brain structure and behavior in old gerbils

Goncharova, Kateryna; Skibo, G. G.; Kovalenko, T. M.; Osadchenko, I.; Ушакова, Г. А.; Vovchanskii, M. B.; Pierzynowski, Stefan

doi:10.1038/nutd.2015.13

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Sample collections from the offspring was performed immediately after the MWM test using an established protocol ( Goncharova et al, 2015 ; Marungruang et al, 2020 ). Briefly, mice were anesthetized with intramuscular injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg bw; Ketalar, Pfizer AB, Sweden) and xylazine (10 mg/kg bw; Sedazine, Biovet Pulawy, Poland).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal antibiotic administration during gestation can affect the memory and brain structure in mouse offspring

Shepilov,

Osadchenko,

Kovalenko

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Maternal antibiotics administration (MAA) is among the widely used therapeutic approaches in pregnancy. Although published evidence demonstrates that infants exposed to antibiotics immediately after birth have altered recognition memory responses at one month of age, very little is known about in utero effects of antibiotics on the neuronal function and behavior of children after birth. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of MAA at different periods of pregnancy on memory decline and brain structural alterations in young mouse offspring after their first month of life. To study the effects of MAA on 4-week-old offspring, pregnant C57BL/6J mouse dams (2–3-month-old; n = 4/group) were exposed to a cocktail of amoxicillin (205 mg/kg/day) and azithromycin (51 mg/kg/day) in sterile drinking water (daily/1 week) during either the 2nd or 3rd week of pregnancy and stopped after delivery. A control group of pregnant dams was exposed to sterile drinking water alone during all three weeks of pregnancy. Then, the 4-week-old offspring mice were first evaluated for behavioral changes. Using the Morris water maze assay, we revealed that exposure of pregnant mice to antibiotics at the 2nd and 3rd weeks of pregnancy significantly altered spatial reference memory and learning skills in their offspring compared to those delivered from the control group of dams. In contrast, no significant difference in long-term associative memory was detected between offspring groups using the novel object recognition test. Then, we histologically evaluated brain samples from the same offspring individuals using conventional immunofluorescence and electron microscopy assays. To our knowledge, we observed a reduction in the density of the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and hypomyelination in the corpus callosum in groups of mice in utero exposed to antibiotics at the 2nd and 3rd weeks of gestation. In addition, offspring exposed to antibiotics at the 2nd or 3rd week of gestation demonstrated a decreased astrocyte cell surface area and astrocyte territories or depletion of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal synaptic loss, respectively. Altogether, this study shows that MAA at different times of pregnancy can pathologically alter cognitive behavior and brain development in offspring at an early age after weaning.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal antibiotic administration during gestation can affect the memory and brain structure in mouse offspring

Shepilov,

Osadchenko,

Kovalenko

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Alpha-ketoglutarate, a key molecule involved in nitrogen circulation in both animals and plants, in the context of human gut microbiota and protein metabolism

Pierzynowski

Pierzynowska

2022

Advances in Medical Sciences

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Pancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin restore growth and normalize lipid absorption in a pig model with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Pierzynowska¹,

Piedra²,

Szymańczyk³

et al. 2018

aoms

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IntroductionThe standard therapy for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is porcine-derived pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). In the present study we tested a new approach with a mixture of pancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin (PLEM) in a 1-week efficacy study in EPI pigs. In addition to the conventionally used coefficient of fat and nitrogen absorption (CFA and CNA), parameters that more accurately reflect the nutritional and health status, such as changes in the lipemic index (LI), plasma triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels, and somatic growth, were determined.Material and methodsA PLEM dose containing 120 000 active lipase units, 80 000 active protease units and 12 000 active amylase units (all from Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was given as a powder, twice daily with a meal (40 g fat/meal) to 8 EPI pigs for 7 days. Ten healthy pigs were used as a comparator.ResultsThe PLEM enhanced fat and protein digestion, and reversed growth impairment in EPI pigs. With treatment, CFA and CNA increased by 59% and 43% (p < 0.05), respectively. Although fat and protein absorption were lower than in the comparator, the postprandial blood lipid profile was normal as in healthy pigs. The mucosal thickness significantly increased by 27%, 50% and 26%, in the proximal, middle, and distal jejunum (p < 0.05) with treatment and resembled that of healthy animals.ConclusionsPancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin supported somatic growth and normalized the postprandial lipid profile. As a measure of efficacy, postprandial LI, TG and NEFA are viable endpoints to be explored in human trials.

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Diet-induced changes in brain structure and behavior in old gerbils

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Maternal antibiotic administration during gestation can affect the memory and brain structure in mouse offspring

Maternal antibiotic administration during gestation can affect the memory and brain structure in mouse offspring

Alpha-ketoglutarate, a key molecule involved in nitrogen circulation in both animals and plants, in the context of human gut microbiota and protein metabolism

Pancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin restore growth and normalize lipid absorption in a pig model with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

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