Diet-Derived Short Chain Fatty Acids Stimulate Intestinal Epithelial Cells To Induce Mucosal Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Goverse, Gera; Molenaar, Rosalie; Macia, Laurence; Tan, Jian; Erkelens, Martje N.; Konijn, Tanja; Knippenberg, Marlene; Cook, Emma C. L.; Hanekamp, Diana; Veldhoen, Marc; Hartog, Anita; Roeselers, Guus; Mackay, Charles R.; Mebius, Reina E.

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1600165

Cited by 171 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…While MACs have the ability to affect the bacterial–epithelium interaction, they can also affect the epithelial–immune interaction (22, 40). Mice fed on a low-MAC diet had increased expression of epithelial tslp , a cytokine known to direct the immune response toward T helper 2 (Th2), involved in allergy development.…”

Section: Impact Of Low Dietary Macs On Gut Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental Impact of Microbiota-Accessible Carbohydrate-Deprived Diet on Gut and Immune Homeostasis: An Overview

et al. 2017

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Dietary fibers are non-digestible polysaccharides functionally known as microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs), present in inadequate amounts in the Western diet. MACs are a main source of energy for gut bacteria so the abundance and variety of MACs can modulate gut microbial composition and function. This, in turn, impacts host immunity and health. In preclinical studies, MAC-deprived diet and disruption of gut homeostasis aggravate the development of inflammatory diseases, such as allergies, infections, and autoimmune diseases. The present review provides a synopsis on the impact of a low-MAC diet on gut homeostasis or, more specifically, on gut microbiota, gut epithelium, and immune cells.

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Section: Impact Of Low Dietary Macs On Gut Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental Impact of Microbiota-Accessible Carbohydrate-Deprived Diet on Gut and Immune Homeostasis: An Overview

et al. 2017

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“…147 Butyrate also signals via Gpr109a on colonic macrophages to limit inflammation and maintain intestinal homeostasis. 148 SCFAs can also induce tolerogenic responses in murine mucosal dendritic cells 149 and impart anti-inflammatory effects onto human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. 150 SCFAs also impact the functions of polymorphonuclear cells (eg, neutrophils), another type of innate immune cell.…”

Section: Short-chain Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system via microbial cultivation and minimal microbiomes

Clavel

Gomes-Neto

Lagkouvardos

et al. 2017

Immunological Reviews

103

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Summary The community of microorganisms in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, referred to as the gut microbiota, influences host physiology and immunity. The last decade of microbiome research has provided significant advancements for the field and highlighted the importance of gut microbes to states of both health and disease. Novel molecular techniques have unraveled the tremendous diversity of intestinal symbionts that potentially influence the host, many proof-of-concept studies have demonstrated causative roles of gut microbial communities in various pathologies, and microbiome-based approaches are beginning to be implemented in the clinic for diagnostic purposes or for personalized treatments. However, several challenges for the field remain: purely descriptive reports outnumbering mechanistic studies and slow translation of experimental results obtained in animal models into the clinics. Moreover, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding how gut microbes, including novel species that have yet to be identified, impact host immune responses. The sheer complexity of the gut microbial ecosystem makes it difficult, in part, to fully understand the microbiota-host networks that regulate immunity. In the present manuscript, we review key findings on the interactions between gut microbiota members and the immune system. Because culturing microbes allows performing functional studies, we have emphasized the impact of specific taxa or communities thereof. We also highlight underlying molecular mechanisms and discuss opportunities to implement minimal microbiome-based strategies.

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“…In addition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production is intimately involved in pathogen defence. SCFAs are the main source of energy for colonocytes, induce IgA production, reduce inflammation and may be involved in increasing the thickness of the mucus layer (Zimmerman et al, 2012;Earle et al, 2015;Desai et al, 2016;Jones, 2016;Wu et al, 2016;Goverse et al, 2017;Olsan et al, 2017;Rowland et al, 2017). These strains are vital for preventing bacterial translocation by reinforcing the gut barrier.…”

Section: Microbiome Restoration Inhibits Arb Growth and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial approaches for targeting antibiotic‐resistant bacteria

Wong

Santiago

2017

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryAntibiotic resistant bacterial infections are a global public health challenge that has been increasing in severity and scope for the last few decades. Without creative solutions to this problem, treatment of injuries and infections will become progressively more challenging. A better understanding of the human microbiome has led to a new appreciation for the role commensal microbes play in protecting us from pathogens, especially in the gut. Antibiotics lead to disruption of the gut microbial ecosystem, enabling colonization by antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens. Many different lines of research have identified specific bacterial taxa and mechanisms that play a role in colonization resistance, and these lines of research may one day lead to microbial therapeutics targeting antibiotic resistant bacteria. Here, we discuss a few of these strategies and the challenges they will need to overcome in order to become an effective therapeutic.

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Diet-Derived Short Chain Fatty Acids Stimulate Intestinal Epithelial Cells To Induce Mucosal Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Cited by 171 publications

References 52 publications

Detrimental Impact of Microbiota-Accessible Carbohydrate-Deprived Diet on Gut and Immune Homeostasis: An Overview

Detrimental Impact of Microbiota-Accessible Carbohydrate-Deprived Diet on Gut and Immune Homeostasis: An Overview

Deciphering interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system via microbial cultivation and minimal microbiomes

Microbial approaches for targeting antibiotic‐resistant bacteria

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