Diet derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and its pathogenic roles in colorectal carcinogenesis

Cheng, Tracie; Lam, Alfred King‐Yin; Gopalan, Vinod

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103522

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…While inhalation of PAHs has been associated with lung cancer, and exposure to PAHs has been associated with breast cancer, the ingestion of PAHs is most strongly associated with gastrointestinal tract cancers. 38 Our study also found that consuming B[a]P orally could cause DNA adduct formation and damage in the hepatic and colonic tissues of BALB/c mice. Notably, our results showed that 5-DMNB and NBT reduced DNA adduct formation and replication stress, ultimately suppressing B[a]P-induced DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…After metabolism, PAH metabolites are directed to the large intestine and eventually excreted through feces. While inhalation of PAHs has been associated with lung cancer, and exposure to PAHs has been associated with breast cancer, the ingestion of PAHs is most strongly associated with gastrointestinal tract cancers . Our study also found that consuming B[a]P orally could cause DNA adduct formation and damage in the hepatic and colonic tissues of BALB/c mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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Regulation of Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes by 5-Demethylnobiletin and Nobiletin to Mitigate Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Damage In Vitro and In Vivo

Lin,

Cheng,

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is metabolized by cytochrome P450 family 1 enzymes (CYP 1s) and can bind to DNA to form DNA adducts, leading to DNA damage and increased colorectal cancer risk. Previous studies have shown polymethoxyflavones to have a high potential for anticancer effects by regulating CYP 1s, especially nobiletin (NBT) and 5-demethylnobiletin (5-DMNB). However, the effects of NBT and 5-DMNB on B[a]P metabolism remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the effects of NBT and 5-DMNB on B[a]P-induced DNA damage in vitro and in vivo. In NCM460 cells, 5-DMNB and NBT appeared to reduce the metabolic conversion of B[a]P by regulating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/CYP 1s signaling pathway. This process protected NCM460 cells from B[a]P's cytotoxic effects by decreasing DNA damage and suppressing B[a]P diol-epoxide-DNA adduct formation. In BALB/c mice, 5-DMNB and NBT also protected against B[a]P-induced DNA damage. Altogether, these findings indicate that 5-DMNB and NBT attenuate B[a]P-induced DNA damage by modulating biotransformation, highlighting their chemopreventive potential against B[a]P-induced carcinogenesis. Therefore, 5-DMNB and NBT are promising agents for colorectal cancer chemoprevention in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Regulation of Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes by 5-Demethylnobiletin and Nobiletin to Mitigate Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Damage In Vitro and In Vivo

Lin,

Cheng,

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Several potential mechanisms underlie these findings. First, frying foods at high temperatures can produce pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines, which may increase colorectal risk through DNA damage (39)(40)(41). Simultaneously, some nutrients in soys may be reduced or degraded under high-temperature conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of soy intake and cooking methods with colorectal polyp and adenoma prevalence: findings from the extended Lanxi pre-colorectal cancer cohort (LP3C)

Zheng,

Lin,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundLimited research has explored the association between dietary soy products and colorectal polyps and adenomas, with insufficient attention given to cooking methods and subtypes of polyps. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the relationship between soy intake, its cooking methods, and the risk of colorectal polyps and adenomas within a high-incidence population of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China.MethodsData were derived from 14,903 participants aged 40–80 years, enrolled in the extended Lanxi Pre-colorectal Cancer Cohort (LP3C) between March 2018 and December 2022. This cross-sectional study is based on the participants’ baseline information. Long-term dietary information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and colorectal polyps and adenomas were identified through electronic colonoscopy. Employing multivariate logistic regression, results were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).Results4,942 cases of colorectal polyps and 2,678 cases of adenomas were ascertained. A significant positive association was found between total soy intake and the occurrence of polyps/adenomas. Considering cooking methods, a notable increase in polyp risk was associated with the consumption of fried soys while no association was detected for boiled or marinated soys. Furthermore, total soy intake demonstrated associations with large and multiple polyps, polyps Yamade-typed less than II, and polyps across all anatomical subsites.ConclusionWithin the high-risk CRC population in China, increased soy product intake was linked to a higher risk of polyps, primarily attributed to the consumption of fried soys. This suggests that modifying cooking methods to avoid fried soys may serve as a preventive strategy for colorectal polyps.

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“…Acute and chronic exposure to PAH could contribute to skin irritation, liver dysfunction, kidney dysfunction, DNA damage, and even lead to gastrointestinal carcinoma and increased cardiopulmonary mortality [Cheng et al 2021, Lawal 2017, Lee et al 2011, Zhu et al 2018]. However, the relationship between PAH exposure and thyroid effect remains largely uninvestigated.…”

Section: Association Between Pah Metabolites and Thyroid Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific effect of urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on thyroid profiles: results from NHANES 2011–2012

Xing

Liang

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The current study aims to evaluate the associations between 10 urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) metabolites and thyroid pro les. The levels of 10 PAH metabolites and thyroid pro les were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012. Spearman analysis was utilized to evaluate the correlation coe cients among these 10 PAH metabolites.Multivariate linear and logistic regression models assessed the relationship between urinary PAH metabolites levels, thyroid hormones, and thyroid autoantibodies after adjusting potential confounders.Strati ed analysis by gender was performed to evaluate sex-speci c effect of urinary metabolites of PAH on thyroid pro les. 1645 eligible adult participants with complete research data were enrolled. Of note, the concentrations of the majority of urinary PAH metabolites were remarkedly higher in females compared with males. 2-hydroxy uorene(2-FLU) was associated with higher total triiodothyronine (T3) levels in whole population (β=2.113, 95% CI: 0.339-3.888). In males, positive associations were observed in 1hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP) and free thyroxine (T4) (β=0.0002, 95% CI: 0.0000-0.0004), 2-FLU and total T3 (β=2.528, 95% CI: 0.115-4.940). While in female participants, 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-NAP) was associated with free T3 (β=0.002, 95% CI: 0.000-0.005), 2-FLU was associated with total T3 (β=2.683, 95% CI: 0.038-5.328), free T3 (β=0.050, 95% CI: 0.012-0.087), and total T4 (β=0.195, 95% CI: 0.008-0.382). 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHP), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) and 9-hydroxy uorene (9-FLU) were all positively related to total T3 levels, the corresponding coe cients were 16.504, 6.587, and 3.010. 9-FLU was also associated with free T3 (β=0.049, 95% CI: 0.008-0.090). No statistical signi cances were found between PAH metabolites levels and increased prevalence of increased thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)/thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) when PAH metabolites were treated as continuous variables. Meanwhile, in the quartile analyses, increased prevalence of elevated TgAb was observed in participants with quartile 2 2-NAP compared with lowest quartile (OR=1.753, 95% CI: 1.021-3.008). Male subgroup analyses indicated increased prevalence of elevated TgAb was observed in higher quartile of 1-NAP, 2-NAP and 3-hydroxy uorene(3-FLU). Increased prevalence of elevated TPOAb was associated with higher 2-NAP quartile. However, in subgroup analysis of females, no statistical signi cances were found between PAH quartiles and increased TgAb/TPOAb. Signi cant correlations were found among these 10 PAH metabolites. In conclusion, the cross-sectional study indicated exposure to PAH might disturb the concentrations of thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibodies. It is noteworthy that signi cant differences existed in males and females. Further prospective research is warranted to explore the causal relationship and underlying mechanism of PAH exposure on thyroid dysfunction.

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Diet derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and its pathogenic roles in colorectal carcinogenesis

Cited by 17 publications

References 69 publications

Regulation of Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes by 5-Demethylnobiletin and Nobiletin to Mitigate Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Damage In Vitro and In Vivo

Regulation of Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes by 5-Demethylnobiletin and Nobiletin to Mitigate Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Damage In Vitro and In Vivo

Association of soy intake and cooking methods with colorectal polyp and adenoma prevalence: findings from the extended Lanxi pre-colorectal cancer cohort (LP3C)

Sex-specific effect of urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on thyroid profiles: results from NHANES 2011–2012

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