Diet as a moderator in the association of sedentary behaviors with inflammatory biomarkers among adolescents in the HELENA study

Arouca, Aline; Santaliestra-Pasías, Alba M.; Moreno, Luís A.; Marcos, Ascensión; Widhalm, Kurt; Molnár, Denés; Μanios, Yannis; Gottrand, Frédéric; Kafatos, Anthony; Kersting, Mathilde; Sjöstróm, Michael; Sáinz, Ángel Gutiérrez; Ferrari, Marco; Huybrechts, Inge; González‐Gross, Marcela; Forsner, Maria; Henauw, Stefaan De; Michels, Nathalie

doi:10.1007/s00394-018-1764-4

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…A cross-sectional study on 483 subjects, 7-15 years of age and of both sexes [85], demonstrated that high serum Hcy levels were associated not only with age ≥12 years (prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.56; p < 0.01), being male (PR = 3.74; p < 0.01), high blood pressure (PR = 1.97; p < 0.01), low HDL-c levels (PR = 1.21; p = 0.03), high triglyceride levels (PR = 1.62; p = 0.03), and being overweight (PR = 2.32; p = 0.02), but also with poor intake of foods (PR = 1.46; p = 0.02) that protect against HHcy, such as dark green vegetables, whole and enriched grain products, legumes, and citrus fruit. Arouca et al [86] found no positive correlation between high levels of Hcy and low adherence to the Mediterranean Diet or other "antioxidant diets" among adolescents in the Helena study.…”

Section: Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

104

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Increased plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for several pathological disorders. The present review focused on the role of homocysteine (Hcy) in different population groups, especially in risk conditions (pregnancy, infancy, old age), and on its relevance as a marker or etiological factor of the diseases in these age groups, focusing on the nutritional treatment of elevated Hcy levels. In pregnancy, Hcy levels were investigated in relation to the increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as small size for gestational age at birth, preeclampsia, recurrent abortions, low birth weight, or intrauterine growth restriction. In pediatric populations, Hcy levels are important not only for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and renal disease, but the most interesting evidence concerns study of elevated levels of Hcy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Finally, a focus on the principal pathologies of the elderly (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis and physical function) is presented. The metabolism of Hcy is influenced by B vitamins, and Hcy-lowering vitamin treatments have been proposed. However, clinical trials have not reached a consensus about the effectiveness of vitamin supplementation on the reduction of Hcy levels and improvement of pathological condition, especially in elderly patients with overt pathologies, suggesting that other dietary and non-dietary factors are involved in high Hcy levels. The importance of novel experimental designs focusing on intra-individual variability as a complement to the typical case–control experimental designs and the study of interactions between different factors it should be emphasized.

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Section: Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

104

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“…Our findings have plausible biologic mechanisms. Several dietary intervention studies have demonstrated significant changes in inflammatory markers, immune cell populations and response to oxidative stress with Mediterranean diet 8 45. Specifically, in Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study, adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with an attenuation in oxidative stress response in adolescents 45.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several dietary intervention studies have demonstrated significant changes in inflammatory markers, immune cell populations and response to oxidative stress with Mediterranean diet 8 45. Specifically, in Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study, adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with an attenuation in oxidative stress response in adolescents 45. Similarly, in the randomised controlled trial of European Project on Nutrition in Elderly People, adherence to a Mediterranean diet for 1 year was associated with significant changes in innate and adaptive immunity as measured by T cell degranulation, cytokine production and co-receptor expression 8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease: results from two large prospective cohort studies

Khalili¹,

Håkansson

Chan³

et al. 2020

Gut

148

108

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ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between Mediterranean diet and risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC).DesignWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 83 147 participants (age range: 45–79 years) enrolled in the Cohort of Swedish Men and Swedish Mammography Cohort. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate an adherence score to a modified Mediterranean diet (mMED) at baseline in 1997. Incident diagnoses of CD and UC were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox proportional hazards modelling to calculate HRs and 95% CI.ResultsThrough December of 2017, we confirmed 164 incident cases of CD and 395 incident cases of UC with an average follow-up of 17 years. Higher mMED score was associated with a lower risk of CD (Ptrend=0.03) but not UC (Ptrend=0.61). Compared with participants in the lowest category of mMED score (0–2), there was a statistically significant lower risk of CD (HR=0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.80) but not UC (HR=1.08, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.58). These associations were not modified by age, sex, education level, body mass index or smoking (all Pinteraction >0.30). The prevalence of poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet (mMED score=0–2) was 27% in our cohorts, conferring a population attributable risk of 12% for later-onset CD.ConclusionIn two prospective studies, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of later-onset CD.

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“…It is widely known that consuming a properly composed diet has been associated with better health status, due to the protective effect against various chronic diseases [ 37 , 45 ]. Evidence regarding the role of diet quality on glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers has been established in multiple observational studies [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The authors reported that a plant-based pattern and the Mediterranean diet (characterized by a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, olive oil, and low consumption of red meats) are associated with favorable health status and less inflammation [ 25 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Inflammatory Adipokine Profiles in Children on Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets

Ambroszkiewicz¹,

Chełchowska²,

Rowicka³

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ that secrets many pro-inflammatory as well anti-inflammatory adipokines. The aim of the study was to assess serum adipokine profile in prepubertal vegetarian and omnivorous children. Sixty-two children on a vegetarian diet and fifty-five children on an omnivorous diet, aged 5 to 10 years, were studied. Dietary assessment was performed using a nutritional software program. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum concentrations of adipokines: leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin (total and high molecular weight), resistin, visfatin, vaspin, and omentin were determined by immunoenzymatic assays. Both studied groups of children were comparable in terms of age, weight, height, body mass index, and body composition. Vegetarians had a lower (p = 0.017) leptin/sOB-R ratio and lower serum concentrations of resistin (p = 0.051), compared with omnivores. Average levels of other adipokines did not differ between both groups of children. However, we observed significantly higher ratios of anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory adipokines: adiponectin/leptin 0.70 (0.37–0.93) vs 0.39 (0.28–0.74), p = 0.005, and omentin/leptin 0.40 (0.23–0.83) vs. 0.33 (0.15–0.48), p = 0.011 in vegetarians compared with omnivores. A well-planned vegetarian diet might beneficially affect the adipokine profile and inflammatory status expressed by the ratios of anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory adipokines in prepubertal children.

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Diet as a moderator in the association of sedentary behaviors with inflammatory biomarkers among adolescents in the HELENA study

Abstract: A higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet or an antioxidant-rich diet may attenuate the onset of oxidative stress signs associated by sedentary behaviors, whereas a poor diet seems to increase inflammation.

Cited by 21 publications

References 75 publications

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease: results from two large prospective cohort studies

Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Inflammatory Adipokine Profiles in Children on Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets

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