Diet and physical activity in the treatment of obesity - current knowledge

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is now becoming a growing problem and challenge for medicine. The number of people with excessive body weight has now reached more than 2 billion, or about 30% of the world's population. The purpose of this article is to identify and describe some of the already known treatments for obesity, along with the latest research on the subject, in order to show the importance of developing and introducing new methods of weight loss.Aim of the study: The purpose of this article is to review the impact of obesity on health and the diets offered to people struggling with the disease.Materials and methods: We reviewed the literature available in the PubMed database up to November 2022, using the keywords.Results: Consistently limiting caloric intake is a must when losing weight. There are also diets such as low-carbohydrate, low-fat and high-protein diets, but following them can also have some side effects. For example, a high-protein diet can lead to kidney stones. The Mediterranean diet is also a good option for people with obesity. It lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. All obesity treatment suggestions consistently recommend a balanced and low-calorie diet with reduced fat (along with saturated fatty acids) and optimal amounts of fiber. In addition to diet, physical activity is an important topic. The primary recommendation for people with obesity is at least moderate to vigorous physical activity of at least 150 minutes per week.Summary: In conclusion, the overarching goal of obesity treatment is to improve quality of life. Calorie restriction, regular exercise or a combination of both is accepted as an effective strategy for preventing or treating obesity.

The relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and exercise participation: based on the dualistic model of passion

“…In this context, exercise participation is particularly important. Research has shown that regular exercise participation not only helps individuals regulate their body weight and body fat percentage and prevent obesity ( Brzuszkiewicz et al, 2022 ; Gomes et al, 2023 ), but also has a positive impact on college students’ resilience ( Zach et al, 2021 ), emotional intelligence ( San Román-Mata et al, 2020 ) and mental health ( Ma et al, 2021 ). Despite the benefits of exercise participation to an individual’s physical and mental health, college students still face a number of challenges in adhering to exercise participation, including academic pressures, time constraints, and fewer available fitness classes ( Pellerine et al, 2022 ).…”