Diet and Nutrition: Implications to Cardiometabolic Health

Abstract

Cardiometabolic diseases and disorders continue to be the most significant and leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, as well as globally. Among the cardiometabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have the greatest prevalence; other cardiometabolic disorders closely related to CVDs such as diabetes mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) continue to contribute to the public health burden as well. Common risks for cardiometabolic disorders include biological (i.e. genetic predisposition, race, age, gender), demographic (socioeconomic status), dietary (dietary intake), behavioral (e.g., physical activity) and environmental (e.g., obesogenic, atherogenic, carcinogenic environments) characteristics. Paradoxically, dietary risk is both the most modifiable and least modifiable risk for certain diseases, as other modifiable and non-modifiable characteristics act in synergy to influence dietary intake. Although many inconclusive and conflicting research findings exist, the benefits of consuming a high quality diet are consistently valued and the role of diet in safeguarding cardiometabolic health cannot be underestimated. Diets rich in whole grains, non-starchy vegetables, and fruits, moderate in processed foods and refined grains, and consequently lower omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratios appear to offer the greatest potential benefit. This mini review briefly summarizes the implications of diet and nutritional intake to cardiometabolic health.

Effects of Inulin Type-Carbohydrates on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Due to limited evidence and the low quality of the included studies, more clinical trials are needed to clarify the effects of inulin on blood pressure. Although the beneficial effects of prebiotics have been identified on several cardiometabolic factors, [18,19] focusing on gut microbiota as a target for hypertension needs further research. [20] As far as we are aware, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted in this regard so far.…”

Cardiometabolic Health Status, Ethnicity and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Disparities in an Adult Population: NutrIMDEA Observational Web-Based Study

“…In this way, considering health-related factors as possible, better target interventions and policies for populations can be accounted for, which includes considerations of social and environmental determinants of health [ 3 ]. In this context, accompanying cardiometabolic complications (obesity, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) are closely related to eating and metabolic status and are a focus of multiethnic and intersectoral actions in public health nutrition, which needs to be analyzed and actions implemented based on personalized information [ 4 ], where online data sourcing will be the way for future investigations [ 5 ].…”

Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India

“…Among many modifiable factors that contribute to the development of cardiometabolic diseases, diet plays a critical role, and a healthy diet is associated with improved cardiometabolic health [ 5 , 6 ]. In recent years, there has been a shift from focusing on individual foods or their nutrients’ consumption to assessing dietary patterns, which considers the complex combinations of foods and nutrients that are highly intercorrelated [ 7 ].…”