Diet and migraine: what is proven?

Gazerani, Parisa

doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000001204

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…However, another randomized placebo-controlled study conducted on 63 patients demonstrated that the use of multispecies probiotics did not significantly affect intestinal permeability or inflammation in comparison with patients treated with placebo [125]. Moreover, recent findings highlight that dietary triggers exist for migraine, for example, coffee and alcohol [126]. The role of caffeine in migraine headaches is ambiguous, from trigger to treatment.…”

Section: Migraine and Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

CGRP Antagonism and Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Migraine

Finelli,

Catalano,

De Lisa

et al. 2024

Medicina

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The study of migraine is based on the complexity of the pathology, both at the pathophysiological and epidemiological levels. Although it affects more than a billion people worldwide, it is often underestimated and underreported by patients. Migraine must not be confused with a simple headache; it is a serious and disabling disease that causes considerable limitations in the daily life of afflicted people, including social, work, and emotional effects. Therefore, it causes a daily state of suffering and discomfort. It is important to point out that this pathology not only has a decisive impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it but also on their families and, more generally, on society as a whole. The clinical picture of migraine is complex, with debilitating unilateral or bilateral head pain, and is often associated with characteristic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Hormonal, environmental, psychological, dietary, or other factors can trigger it. The present review focuses on the analysis of the physiopathological and pharmacological aspects of migraine, up to the correct dietary approach, with specific nutritional interventions aimed at modulating the symptoms. Based on the symptoms that the patient experiences, targeted and specific therapy is chosen to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Specifically, the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the pathogenesis of migraine is analyzed, along with the drugs that effectively target the corresponding receptor. Particularly, CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants) are very effective drugs in the treatment of migraine, given their high diffusion in the brain. Moreover, following a ketogenic diet for only one or two months has been demonstrated to reduce migraine attacks. In this review, we highlight the diverse facets of migraine, from its physiopathological and pharmacological aspects to prevention and therapy.

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Section: Migraine and Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

CGRP Antagonism and Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Migraine

Finelli,

Catalano,

De Lisa

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Migraine Patients

于

2024

ACM

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The Brain, the Eating Plate, and the Gut Microbiome: Partners in Migraine Pathogenesis

Gazerani,

Papetti,

Dalkara

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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This review summarizes the relationship between diet, the gut microbiome, and migraine. Key findings reveal that certain dietary factors, such as caffeine and alcohol, can trigger migraine, while nutrients like magnesium and riboflavin may help alleviate migraine symptoms. The gut microbiome, through its influence on neuroinflammation (e.g., vagus nerve and cytokines), gut–brain signaling (e.g., gamma-aminobutyric acid), and metabolic function (e.g., short-chain fatty acids), plays a crucial role in migraine susceptibility. Migraine can also alter eating behaviors, leading to poor nutritional choices and further exacerbating the condition. Individual variability in diet and microbiome composition highlights the need for personalized dietary and prebiotic interventions. Epidemiological and clinical data support the effectiveness of tailored nutritional approaches, such as elimination diets and the inclusion of beneficial nutrients, in managing migraine. More work is needed to confirm the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and potentially fecal microbiome translation in the management of migraine. Future research should focus on large-scale studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of bidirectional interaction between diet and migraine and develop evidence-based clinical guidelines. Integrating dietary management, gut health optimization, and lifestyle modifications can potentially offer a holistic approach to reducing migraine frequency and severity, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

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Diet and migraine: what is proven?

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

CGRP Antagonism and Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Migraine

CGRP Antagonism and Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Migraine

Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Migraine Patients

The Brain, the Eating Plate, and the Gut Microbiome: Partners in Migraine Pathogenesis

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