Diet and faecal flora in the newborn: breast milk and infant formula.

Abstract

SUMMARY This study examined the faecal flora on days 4, 14, and 28 of 17 breast fed babies and 26 bottle fed babies receiving a modern infant formula based on demineralised whey. Generally among breast fed babies bifidobacteria and staphylococci were the predominant organisms, whereas in the formula fed babies the predominant organisms were enterococci, coliforms, and clostridia. Despite the extensive modification of cows' milk to make an infant formula resemble human breast milk, the results are very similar to those previously reported with unmodified cows' milk baby feeds. The exact dietary factor responsible for these microbiological differences is unclear and in succeeding papers we have looked at the effects of protein quality, in particular the content of whey proteins, casein, and lactoferrin.

Diversity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp. in Breast-Fed and Formula-Fed Infants as Assessed by 16S rDNA Sequence Differences

“…Con icting results have also been obtained regarding other groups of bacteria such as Bacteroides, clostridia, enterococci, lactobacilli and enterobacteria in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Culture-based studies have shown a more diverse microbiota in formula-fed infants in comparison to those breast-fed (6,10). M oreover, in some studies formula-fed infants were found to have more complex faecal short-chain fatty acid (SCF A) pro les than breast-fed infants, which indicates a more complex microbiota in the aforementioned group (11,12).…”

Casocidin‐I: a casein‐αs2 derived peptide exhibits antibacterial activity

“…However, in vivo the ingestion of lactoferrin has only a marginal influence on the intestinal microflora [1 1]. Moreover, it was shown that different effects on the microbial growth can be obtained by applying certain dietary formulations of milk proteins [11].…”

Defecation Patterns of 0-6 Months-old Breast-Fed Infants

“…26 Anne sütü ile beslenen bebeklerin dışkı pH değeri, mama ile beslenenlere göre daha düşüktür. [27][28][29][30] Bullen ve ark.nın yaptığı çalışmada; anne sütü ile beslenen bebeklerin ilk üç ay boyunca dışkı pH değeri 5,1-5,4 iken, mama ile beslenenlerin dışkı pH değeri, ilk iki haftada 5,9-7,3, iki-beşinci haftalarda 7,0-8,2, beşinci haftalardan sonra ise 6,4 olmuştur. 31 On sekiz bebekle yapılan bir çalışmada, sekiz hafta boyunca sadece anne sütü ile beslenen bebeklerin dışkı pH değeri 5-6, anne sütü ile beraber ek besin alanların pH değeri 5-6 ile başlayıp, 6-8 arasına yükseldiği görülmüştür.…”