Diesel fumes and the rising prevalence of atopy: An urban legend?

Díaz-Sánchez, David; Proietti, Lidia; Polosa, Riccardo

doi:10.1007/s11882-003-0027-4

Cited by 89 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, a number of studies suggest that the toxicity of ozone and PM will be exacerbated with global warming, and some of these data support that older adults will be especially vulnerable (Bell et al, 2007;Confalonieri et al, 2007;Dominici et al, 2006;Fiala et al, 2003;IPCC, 2007c;Katsouyanni et al, 1993;Knowlton et al, 2004;Koken et al, 2003;Mauzerall et al, 2005;Ordonez et al, 2005;Rainham and Smoyer-Tomic, 2003;Ren and Tong, 2006). Other potential interactions between climate change and toxicant exposure include increased susceptibility to pathogens (Abadin et al, 2007;Nagayama et al, 2007;Smialowicz et al, 2001) and aeroallergens (D'Amato et al, 2002;Diaz-Sanchez et al, 2003;Epstein, 2005;Janssen et al, 2003). Table 1 summarizes important interactions between climate change, toxicant exposures, and human health.…”

Section: Effects Of Climate Change On Contaminant-linked Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of contaminants on vulnerable subpopulations warrant further study, although there is evidence that older individuals will be more susceptible to climate-air pollutant interactions (Fiala et al, 2003;Koken et al, 2003;Ordonez et al, 2005). In addition, low-income populations, infants, children, and chronically ill individuals may be especially susceptible to climate sensitive outcomes linked to interactions between pollutant exposures and changes in vector-borne and allergic disease (D'Amato et al, 2002;Diaz-Sanchez et al, 2003;Epstein, 2005;Haines et al, 2006;Janssen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Vulnerable Subpopulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to changes in vector-borne disease, the incidences and severity of allergic disease are rising, especially in industrialized countries (D'Amato et al, 2002;Diaz-Sanchez et al, 2003). Asthma prevalence has quadrupled in the United States since 1980.…”

Section: Allergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies show that increasing concentrations of CO 2 enhance the production of Amb a 1 allergen and pollen from ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) (Rogers et al, 2006;Singer et al, 2005). In addition, diesel exhaust, which contains numerous pollutants, including PM, NOx, VOCs, CO, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has been shown to enhance allergenicity and asthma symptoms in adults and children by acting synergistically with allergens (D' Amato et al, 2002;Diaz-Sanchez et al, 2003;Janssen et al, 2003). For example, Janssen et al (2003) found that Dutch children aged 7-12 from 24 schools within 400 m of a major roadway had increased sensitization to outdoor allergens.…”

Section: Allergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

Noyes

McElwee

Miller

et al. 2009

Environment International

921

569

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Climate change induced by anthropogenic warming of the earth's atmosphere is a daunting problem. This review examines one of the consequences of climate change that has only recently attracted attention: namely, the effects of climate change on the environmental distribution and toxicity of chemical pollutants. A review was undertaken of the scientific literature (original research articles, reviews, government and intergovernmental reports) focusing on the interactions of toxicants with the environmental parameters, temperature, precipitation, and salinity, as altered by climate change. Three broad classes of chemical toxicants of global significance were the focus: air pollutants, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including some organochlorine pesticides, and other classes of pesticides. Generally, increases in temperature will enhance the toxicity of contaminants and increase concentrations of tropospheric ozone regionally, but will also likely increase rates of chemical degradation. While further research is needed, climate change coupled with air pollutant exposures may have potentially serious adverse consequences for human health in urban and polluted regions. Climate change producing alterations in: food webs, lipid dynamics, ice and snow melt, and organic carbon cycling could result in increased POP levels in water, soil, and biota. There is also compelling evidence that increasing temperatures could be deleterious to pollutant-exposed wildlife. For example, elevated water temperatures may alter the biotransformation of contaminants to more bioactive metabolites and impair homeostasis. The complex interactions between climate change and pollutants may be particularly problematic for species living at the edge of their physiological tolerance range where acclimation capacity may be limited. In addition to temperature increases, regional precipitation patterns are projected to be altered with climate change. Regions subject to decreases in precipitation may experience enhanced volatilization of POPs and pesticides to the atmosphere. Reduced precipitation will also increase air pollution in urbanized regions resulting in negative health effects, which may be exacerbated by temperature increases. Regions subject to increased precipitation will have lower levels of air pollution, but will likely experience enhanced surface deposition of airborne POPs and increased run-off of pesticides. Moreover, increases in the intensity and frequency of storm events linked to climate change could lead to more severe episodes of chemical contamination of water bodies and surrounding watersheds. Changes in salinity may affect aquatic organisms as an independent stressor as well as by altering the bioavailability and in some instances increasing the toxicity of chemicals. A paramount issue will be to identify species and populations especially vulnerable to climate-pollutant interactions, in the context of the many other physical, chemical, and biological stressors that will be altered with climate change. Moreover, it w...

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Section: Effects Of Climate Change On Contaminant-linked Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vulnerable Subpopulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Allergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Allergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

Noyes

McElwee

Miller

et al. 2009

Environment International

921

569

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with the development and exacerbation of allergic and respiratory health problems (Diaz-Sanchez et al, 2003;Byrd and Joad, 2006;Sarnat and Holguin, 2007), adverse developmental and reproductive health outcomes (Ritz et al, 2000(Ritz et al, , 2002Wilhelm and Ritz, 2003), and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality (Finkelstein et al, 2004;Heinrich and Wichmann, 2004;Nafstad et al, 2004). The characterization of various traffic-generated air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in both residential indoor and outdoor environments is important for the accurate assessment of health effects associated with exposure to traffic-related air pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A participant-based approach to indoor/outdoor air monitoring in community health studies

Johnson

Hudgens

et al. 2008

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Community health studies of traffic-related air pollution have been hampered by the cost and participant burden associated with collecting householdlevel exposure data. The current study utilized a participant-based approach to collect indoor and outdoor air monitoring data from 92 asthmatic and nonasthmatic children (9-13 years old) enrolled in two concurrent health studies in Detroit, Michigan (Mechanistic Indicators of Childhood Asthma and Detroit Children's Health Study) conducted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Passive samplers were shipped to participating households and deployed by parents of study participants to collect indoor and outdoor measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including naphthalene. Half of the households deployed VOC and NO 2 samplers for 7 days; the other half deployed PAH and NO 2 samplers for 2 days and additional PAH samplers for 1 day. Approximately 88% of the households that received air sampling kits completed the air monitoring. Compliance was significantly higher among participants asked to deploy all samplers for 7 days (85%) compared with participants asked to deploy some samplers for 2 days and others for 1 day (56%). The 7-day homes were also more likely to provide usable data (96%) compared with the 1-and 2-day homes (73%). Compliance and providing usable data did not vary between parents of asthmatic versus nonasthmatic study participants and were not reduced among households deploying duplicate samplers. These results suggest that participant-based sampling may be a feasible and cost-effective alternative to traditional exposure assessment approaches that can be applied in future epidemiological and community-based health studies.

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Ym1 and Ym2 expression in a mouse model exposed to diesel exhaust particles

Song

Jang

Ahn

et al. 2008

Environmental Toxicology

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Background: Chitinase may play a role in regulating allergic diseases. Objective: We studied the role of chitinase in a mouse model exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Mice were exposed to intranasal DEP (0.6 mg/mL) for 5 days and challenged with aerosolized DEP (6 mg/m 3 ) on days 6-8. Enhanced pause (Penh), as an airway obstruction marker, was measured on day 9, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissues were collected on day 10. The expression of Ym1 and Ym2 mRNA was assessed in lung tissue extracts by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: DEP induced significant increases in methacholine-induced Penh and IL-4 levels in BAL fluid relative to the control group. Peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrates were prominent in the DEP group. DEP induced Ym1 and Ym2 mRNA expression in lung tissue extracts relative to the control group.-Conclusion: These results demonstrate that DEP induced airway hyperresponsiveness and Ym mRNA expression via a Th2 cell-biased response, suggesting that chitinase may play an important role in airway inflammation and responsiveness upon exposure to DEP in a mouse model, and may therefore be involved in regulating allergic diseases. #

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Diesel fumes and the rising prevalence of atopy: An urban legend?

Cited by 89 publications

References 66 publications

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

A participant-based approach to indoor/outdoor air monitoring in community health studies

Ym1 and Ym2 expression in a mouse model exposed to diesel exhaust particles

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