Diesel Fuel/Water Separation Test Methods—Where We Are and Where We Are Going

Stone, Wally; Bessee, Gary B.; Stanfel, Christine

doi:10.4271/2009-01-0875

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The breakdown of the emulsion requires time, which can be of the order of hours if the emulsion is stabilised by surface active agents in the fuel [1, 22-24, 27, 28, 30]. In real vehicle situations, fuel additives including biodiesel tend to act as surfactants as they are usually composed of amphiphilic molecules that reduce the water/fuel interfacial tension (IFT) and stabilise small size water droplets in the fuel [1,[7][8][9][10][31][32][33][34]. Therefore, the droplets have low settling velocities and also the surfactants can prevent droplet enlargement by inducing resistance to coalescence and the formation of repellent and/or electrostatic barriers between the water droplets.…”

Section: Equation 3 Settling Velocity Of a Water Droplet Dispersed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the addition of biodiesel can reduce water separation efficiency owing to the influence of biodiesel on IFT. It has also been reported that the total water content of diesel measured in the tank of a vehicle can be as high as 5000 (v v ) ppm [4,26], and pure biodiesel (B100) can have a water saturation content of ≥1300 ppm [13,15,35]. Moreover, Yoshino et al [13] using the ISO 16332 test stand methodology, claimed that the addition of just 5% biodiesel (B5) can reduce water separation efficiency in the fuel from 95% to 85% due to a decrease in the fuel IFT (22.9 to 12.9 ) as well as increase the separation time (13s to 150s -according to the sedimentation test, ASTM D 1401).…”

Section: Equation 3 Settling Velocity Of a Water Droplet Dispersed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In HPCR systems, microlitres of fuel are injected in to the engine multiple times during every cycle at a high pressure of about 2500 bar, while the tolerances for fuel injection have reduced to a micrometre scale [3,4]. Such a sensitive system requires highly efficient fuel-water separation to ensure water-free fuel is presented to the injection system and serious damage such as wear and corrosion as well as formation of biological sludge and sediments in the fuel lines are avoided [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Limitations of Monoolein in Simulating Water-in-Fuel Characteristics of EN590 Diesel Containing Biodiesel in Water Separation Testing

Arouni

Farooq

Goswami³

et al. 2018

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In modern diesel fuel a proportion of biodiesel is blended with petro-diesel to reduce environmental impacts. However, it can adversely affect the operation of nonwoven coalescing filter media when separating emulsified water from diesel fuel. This can be due to factors such as increasing water content in the fuel, a reduction in interfacial tension (IFT) between the water and diesel, the formation of more stable emulsions, and the generation of smaller water droplets. Standard water/diesel separation test methods such as SAE J1488 and ISO 16332 use monoolein, a universal surface-active agent, to simulate the effects of biodiesel on the fuel properties as part of water separation efficiency studies. However, the extent to which diesel/monoolein and diesel/biodiesel blends are comparable needs to be elucidated if the underlying mechanisms affecting coalescence of very small water droplets in diesel fuel with a low IFT are to be understood. To address this challenge, test fuels composed of reference diesel (REF diesel)/biodiesel and REF diesel/monoolein were experimentally studied to determine fuel properties such as IFT, water content, and dynamic viscosity, as well as online droplet size distributions with reference to IFT. It was found that biodiesel and monoolein do not influence the IFT of water in fuel in a comparable manner and resulting water droplet size distributions are substantially different. Fuels blended with biodiesel exhibited higher viscosity and water content than fuel freshly blended with monoolein. Online measurement of water droplet sizes revealed substantially smaller water droplets in biodiesel blends compared to monoolien blends at the same IFT measured using offline tensiometry. These results may be instructive for the development of standard test methods that simulate the effect of biodiesel blends in fuel-water separation, as well as for improving the design of fuel-water separation systems.

show abstract

Section: Equation 3 Settling Velocity Of a Water Droplet Dispersed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Equation 3 Settling Velocity Of a Water Droplet Dispersed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Limitations of Monoolein in Simulating Water-in-Fuel Characteristics of EN590 Diesel Containing Biodiesel in Water Separation Testing

Arouni

Farooq

Goswami³

et al. 2018

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Methods of quantifying fuel/water separation performance have also been affected (Stone et al, 2009).…”

Section: Picture 9 -Fuel Filtration Treatment Locations From Refinerimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel fuel filtration problems with modern common rail injection systems

Jocanović¹,

Karanović²,

Knežević³

et al. 2017

Vojnotehni?ki glasnik

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The free water is typically separated by gravity settling, ,,, while dissolved water is removed by distillation. The emulsified water as droplets of sizes less than 100 μm is removed using coalescing filters. , During coalescence, two small droplets merge into a bigger droplet by overcoming the surface tension force. Coalescing filter media are commonly formed of glass, metal, or polymer fibers with hydrophilic surface properties that promote attachment of water drops onto the fiber surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Water from Ultralow Sulfur Diesel Using Novel Polymer Nanofiber-Coated Glass Fiber Media

Rajgarhia

Jana

Chase

2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer nanofibers with interpenetrating network (IPN) morphology are used in this work for the development of composite, hydrophobic filter media in conjunction with glass fibers for removal of water droplets from ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD). The nanofibers are produced from hydrophobic polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by spinning the polymer solutions using gas jet fiber (GJF) method. The nanofibers coat the individual glass fibers due to polar-polar interactions during the spinning process and render the filter media highly hydrophobic with a water contact angle approaching 150°. The efficiency of the resultant filter media is evaluated in terms of separation of water droplets of average size 20 μm from the suspensions in ULSD.

show abstract

Diesel Fuel/Water Separation Test Methods—Where We Are and Where We Are Going

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Limitations of Monoolein in Simulating Water-in-Fuel Characteristics of EN590 Diesel Containing Biodiesel in Water Separation Testing

Limitations of Monoolein in Simulating Water-in-Fuel Characteristics of EN590 Diesel Containing Biodiesel in Water Separation Testing

Diesel fuel filtration problems with modern common rail injection systems

Separation of Water from Ultralow Sulfur Diesel Using Novel Polymer Nanofiber-Coated Glass Fiber Media

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About