Dielectrophoresis Structurization of PZT/PDMS Micro-Composite for Elastronic Function: Towards Dielectric and Piezoelectric Enhancement

D'Ambrogio, Giulia; Zahhaf, Omar; Le, Minh‐Quyen; Capsal, Jean‐Fabien; Cottinet, Pierre‐Jean

doi:10.3390/ma14154071

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Such an enhancement will allow lowering the input voltage subjected to the haptic device while maintaining its deformation beyond the detection threshold of human skin. To achieve this, improvements of the process via material structuration [ 93 , 94 ], together with an increase in the filler concentration and the use of highly anisotropic fillers (e.g., rod or wire shape instead of spherical [ 69 ]), are envisaged. As the conception of a haptic system strongly depends on its geometry and mechanical properties, another perspective of this work involves the development of design guidelines for vibration feedback regarding changes in the dimensions and architecture of the device.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptic Feedback Device Using 3D-Printed Flexible, Multilayered Piezoelectric Coating for In-Car Touchscreen Interface

Nguyen,

Oliva-Torres,

Bernadet

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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This study focuses on the development of a piezoelectric device capable of generating feedback vibrations to the user who manipulates it. The objective here is to explore the possibility of developing a haptic system that can replace physical buttons on the tactile screen of in-car systems. The interaction between the user and the developed device allows completing the feedback loop, where the user’s action generates an input signal that is translated and outputted by the device, and then detected and interpreted by the user’s haptic sensors and brain. An FEM (finite element model) via ANSYS multiphysics software was implemented to optimize the haptic performance of the wafer structure consisting of a BaTiO3 multilayered piezocomposite coated on a PET transparent flexible substrate. Several parameters relating to the geometric and mechanical properties of the wafer, together with those of the electrodes, are demonstrated to have significant impact on the actuation ability of the haptic device. To achieve the desired vibration effect on the human skin, the haptic system must be able to drive displacement beyond the detection threshold (~2 µm) at a frequency range of 100–700 Hz. The most optimized actuation ability is obtained when the ratio of the dimension (radius and thickness) between the piezoelectric coating and the substrate layer is equal to ~0.6. Regarding the simulation results, it is revealed that the presence of the conductive electrodes provokes a decrease in the displacement by approximately 25–30%, as the wafer structure becomes stiffer. To ensure the minimum displacement generated by the haptic device above 2 µm, the piezoelectric coating is screen-printed by two stacked layers, electrically connected in parallel. This architecture is expected to boost the displacement amplitude under the same electric field (denoted E) subjected to the single-layered coating. Accordingly, multilayered design seems to be a good alternative to enhance the haptic performance while keeping moderate values of E so as to prevent any undesired electrical breakdown of the coating. Practical characterizations confirmed that E=20 V/μm is sufficient to generate feedback vibrations (under a maximum input load of 5 N) perceived by the fingertip. This result confirms the reliability of the proposed haptic device, despite discrepancies between the predicted theory and the real measurements. Lastly, a demonstrator comprising piezoelectric buttons together with electronic command and conditioning circuits are successfully developed, offering an efficient way to create multiple sensations for the user. On the basis of empirical data acquired from several trials conducted on 20 subjects, statistical analyses together with relevant numerical indicators were implemented to better assess the performance of the developed haptic device.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptic Feedback Device Using 3D-Printed Flexible, Multilayered Piezoelectric Coating for In-Car Touchscreen Interface

Nguyen,

Oliva-Torres,

Bernadet

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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“…In order to highlight the inherent potential of the structured thermoplastic piezoelectric composites developed in this study, it was necessary to thoroughly compare them to existing piezoelectric materials found in the literature [ 10 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. This comparison was based on selected intrinsic properties, relevant to the development of a high-performance piezoelectric material, such as the piezoelectric voltage/charge coefficients, the density ( ρ ) and Young’s modulus ( Y ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten-State Dielectrophoretic Alignment of EVA/BaTiO3 Thermoplastic Composites: Enhancement of Piezo-Smart Sensor for Medical Application

Zahhaf

D'Ambrogio

Giunta

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Dielectrophoresis has recently been used for developing high performance elastomer-based structured piezoelectric composites. However, no study has yet focused on the development of aligned thermoplastic-based piezocomposites. In this work, highly anisotropic thermoplastic composites, with high piezoelectric sensitivity, are created. Molten-state dielectrophoresis is introduced as an effective manufacturing pathway for the obtaining of an aligned filler structure within a thermoplastic matrix. For this study, Poly(Ethylene-co Vinyl Acetate) (EVA), revealed as a biocompatible polymeric matrix, was combined with barium titanate (BaTiO3) filler, well-known as a lead-free piezoelectric material. The phase inversion method was used to obtain an optimal dispersion of the BaTiO3 within the EVA thermoplastic matrix. The effect of the processing parameters, such as the poling electric field and the filler content, were analyzed via dielectric spectroscopy, piezoelectric characterization, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal behavior of the matrix was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC). Thermoplastic-based structured composites have numerous appealing advantages, such as recyclability, enhanced piezoelectric activity, encapsulation properties, low manufacturing time, and being light weight, which make the developed composites of great novelty, paving the way for new applications in the medical field, such as integrated sensors adaptable to 3D printing technology.

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“…D'Ambrogio et al reported the fabrication of 1-3 PZT/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites from 0 to 3 composites by dielectrophoresis. 137 The piezoelectric response was higher for the 1-3 structured composite because of the arrangement in columns of particles (size 3.8 μm).…”

Section: The Case Of 1-3 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They measured piezoelectric coefficients ( d 31 ) of 14.8 pC/N for the highly oriented films, 10.8 pC/N for the poorly oriented ones, and 11.4 pC/N for the spherical particles composite after poling under an electric field of 1 kV/cm in the same direction as the induced orientation of the fibers (1‐direction). D'Ambrogio et al reported the fabrication of 1–3 PZT/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites from 0 to 3 composites by dielectrophoresis 137 . The piezoelectric response was higher for the 1–3 structured composite because of the arrangement in columns of particles (size 3.8 μm).…”

Section: Ceramic/fluorinated Polymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric fluorinated polymer composites: A review on coupling agents at the filler/matrix interface

Bouad,

Girardot,

Ladmiral

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Among electroactive polymers, polyvinylidene fluorine (PVDF) and its copolymers present the highest piezoelectric response which makes them very attractive for applications combining flexibility and piezoelectricity. The use of composites with the incorporation of electroactive ceramics (with a very high piezoelectric coefficient compared to polymers) into the fluorinated polymer matrix allows for an increase in the material piezoelectric response while keeping ductility. The review presents in the first part an overview of the impact of the ceramic particle size and dimension and the filler content. In ceramic/polymer composites, the interface between both constituents is generally weak and has to be strengthened. This review summarizes in the second part different strategies used to improve the interface between the electroactive fillers and the piezoelectric fluorinated polymer matrix to increase the piezoelectric performance of composites. Molecular coupling agents (CAs) are presented and polymer‐based CAs synthesized from “grafting to” and “grafting from” techniques are described. In the last part, the combination of antiparallel poling of ceramic and polymer piezoelectric responses is reported in the composites and the potential of such materials for future development is finally discussed.Highlights Piezoelectric properties of composites with electroactive ceramic fillers in fluorinated polymer matrix are discussed. Different strategies used to improve the interface between electroactive fillers and piezoelectric fluorinated polymer matrix are presented. The synthesis of molecular CAs or polymer‐based CAs from “grafting to” or “grafting from” techniques is described. The piezoelectric response of ceramic/polymer composites poled in parallel and anti‐parallel are summarized. The antiparallel poling of electroactive ceramic and piezoelectric polymer contributions is a promising way to maximize piezoelectric performances.

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Dielectrophoresis Structurization of PZT/PDMS Micro-Composite for Elastronic Function: Towards Dielectric and Piezoelectric Enhancement

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Haptic Feedback Device Using 3D-Printed Flexible, Multilayered Piezoelectric Coating for In-Car Touchscreen Interface

Haptic Feedback Device Using 3D-Printed Flexible, Multilayered Piezoelectric Coating for In-Car Touchscreen Interface

Molten-State Dielectrophoretic Alignment of EVA/BaTiO3 Thermoplastic Composites: Enhancement of Piezo-Smart Sensor for Medical Application

Piezoelectric fluorinated polymer composites: A review on coupling agents at the filler/matrix interface

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