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doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.022301

Cited by 60 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…At the LHC, a similar enhancement of the direct-photon production, with T ≈ 297 MeV, is observed in central Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV [50]. In the IMR, a significant excess over the yield from semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons is found at the SPS [34,35,51,52], whereas at RHIC the data can be fairly well described by calculations including heavy-flavour contributions estimated in pp collisions and scaled with the number of binary collisions [24,[36][37][38]. At the SPS, the NA60 Collaboration showed, by using precise vertex information, that the excess is associated with a prompt source, as opposed to µ + µ − pairs from D mesons that decay further away from the interaction point [51].…”

Section: Jhep09(2018)064supporting

confidence: 52%

“…In heavy-ion collisions, a strong enhancement at low invariant mass of dilepton pairs (m ll < 1 GeV/c 2 ) is observed at different energies, at the Super Proton Synchroton (SPS) by the CERES and NA60 Collaborations [30][31][32][33][34][35] and at RHIC energies by the PHENIX and STAR Collaborations [24,[36][37][38]. The data can be explained by thermal radiation of the hadronic phase, dominated by the ρ meson, which appears strongly broadened [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] with essentially no change of the pole mass.…”

Section: Jhep09(2018)064mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dielectron production in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ TeV

Acharya¹,

Acosta²,

Adamová³

et al. 2018

J. High Energ. Phys.

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The first measurement of e + e − pair production at mid-rapidity (|η e | < 0.8) in pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV with ALICE at the LHC is presented. The dielectron production is studied as a function of the invariant mass (m ee < 3.3 GeV/c 2), the pair transverse momentum (p T,ee < 8 GeV/c), and the pair transverse impact parameter (DCA ee), i.e., the average distance of closest approach of the reconstructed electron and positron tracks to the collision vertex, normalised to its resolution. The results are compared with the expectations from a cocktail of known hadronic sources and are well described when PYTHIA is used to generate the heavy-flavour contributions. In the low-mass region (0.14 < m ee < 1.1 GeV/c 2), prompt and non-prompt e + e − sources can be separated via the DCA ee. In the intermediate-mass region (1.1 < m ee < 2.7 GeV/c 2), a double-differential fit to the data in m ee and p T,ee and a fit of the DCA ee distribution allow the total cc and bb cross sections to be extracted. Two different event generators, PYTHIA and POWHEG, can reproduce the shape of the two-dimensional m ee and p T,ee spectra, as well as the shape of the DCA ee distribution, reasonably well. However, differences in the cc and bb cross sections are observed when using the generators to extrapolate to full phase space. Finally, the ratio of inclusive to decay photons is studied via the measurement of virtual direct photons in the transverse-momentum range 1 < p T < 8 GeV/c. This is found to be unity within the statistical and systematic uncertainties and consistent with expectations from next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamic calculations.

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Section: Jhep09(2018)064supporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Jhep09(2018)064mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectron production in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ TeV

Acharya¹,

Acosta²,

Adamová³

et al. 2018

J. High Energ. Phys.

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show abstract

“…At RHIC energies, PHENIX and STAR have measured an enhancement of e + e − pairs in the low mass region in Au-Au collisions [533][534][535][536] that can be described with the same model of collisional broadening as used at the SPS. STAR measured that the enhancement above the hadron decay back-ground does not change with collision energy between √ s NN = 19 and 200 GeV [536].…”

Section: Thermal Radiation and In-medium Spectral Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future physics opportunities for high-density QCD at the LHC with heavy-ion and proton beams

Citron,

Dainese,

Grosse-Oetringhaus

et al. 2018

Preprint

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123

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The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC are presented. Four major scientific goals are identified: the characterisation of the macroscopic long wavelength Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties with unprecedented precision, the investigation of the microscopic parton dynamics underlying QGP properties, the development of a unified picture of particle production and QCD dynamics from small (pp) to large (nucleus-nucleus) systems, the exploration of parton densities in nuclei in a broad (x, Q 2 ) kinematic range and the search for the possible onset of parton saturation. In order to address these scientific goals, high-luminosity Pb-Pb and p-Pb programmes are considered as priorities for Runs 3 and 4, complemented by high-multiplicity studies in pp collisions and a short run with oxygen ions. High-luminosity runs with intermediate-mass nuclei, for example Ar or Kr, are considered as an appealing case for extending the heavy-ion programme at the LHC beyond Run 4. The potential of the High-Energy LHC to probe QCD matter with newly-available observables, at twice larger center-of-mass energies than the LHC, is investigated.

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“…It subsequently cools through rapid expansion and, after τ QGP 5 − 10 fm/c, crosses over to a hadronic medium at a temperature of about 160 MeV, followed by a further expansion of τ had 5 − 10 fm/c until thermal freeze-out at T fo 100−120 MeV. In this energy regime the observed dilepton spectra [8][9][10][11][12][13] can be understood using isentropically expanding fireballs or hydrodynamic models for the bulk medium evolution [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal dileptons from coarse-grained transport as fireball probes at SIS energies

et al. 2016

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Utilizing a coarse-graining method to convert hadronic transport simulations of Au+Au collisions at SIS energies into local temperature, baryon and pion densities, we compute the pertinent radiation of thermal dileptons based on an in-medium ρ spectral function that describes available spectra at ultrarelativistic collision energies. In particular, we analyze how far the resulting yields and slopes of the invariant-mass spectra can probe the lifetime and temperatures of the fireball. We find that dilepton radiation sets in after the initial overlap phase of the colliding nuclei of about 7 fm/c, and lasts for about 13 fm/c. This duration closely coincides with the development of the transverse collectivity of the baryons, thus establishing a direct correlation between hadronic collective effects and thermal EM radiation, and supporting a near local equilibration of the system. This fireball "lifetime" is substantially smaller than the typical 20-30 fm/c that naive considerations of the density evolution alone would suggest. We furthermore find that the total dilepton yield radiated into the invariant-mass window of M = 0.3 − 0.7 GeV/c 2 normalized to the number of charged pions, follows a relation to the lifetime found earlier in the (ultra-) relativistic regime of heavy-ion collisions, and thus corroborates the versatility of this tool. The spectral slopes of the invariant-mass spectra above the φ-meson mass provide a thermometer of the hottest phases of the collision, and agree well with the maximal temperatures extracted from the coarse-grained hadron spectra.

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Dielectron Mass Spectra fromAu+AuCollisions atsNN=200 <

Cited by 60 publications

References 62 publications

Dielectron production in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ TeV

Dielectron production in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ TeV

Future physics opportunities for high-density QCD at the LHC with heavy-ion and proton beams

Thermal dileptons from coarse-grained transport as fireball probes at SIS energies

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