Dielectric Recovery of Ultrafast-Commutating Switches used for HVDC and Fault Current Limiting Applications

Kadivar, Ali; Niayesh, Kaveh

doi:10.1109/icepe-st.2019.8928897

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…As shown in figure 22(e), η is more sensitive to pressure than to the metal vapor content. These transport properties in addition to ρ for the exact mixture ratio from this study are calculated through PLASIMO code and used in MHD tools in a recursive method that resulted in an accurate voltage simulation [6,35], which points in the direction that the calculated mixture ratio is realistic. The arrows in figure 21 show that, as the filling pressure is increased, the extremums of c p and thc tot are reduced while the peak of η is increased, and all shift towards the high temperature.…”

Section: The Arc Metal Content For Different Wire Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

Kadivar

Niayesh

Støa-Aanensen

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A conductive wire can explode by rapidly heating it to vaporization temperature by flowing a current through it. This process is utilized to generate high-temperature high-density plasmas. The temperature and pressure distributions at the time of the explosion are not easily measured. Moreover, the amount of metal vapor from the wire that remains within the arcing area is unknown. This work presents the whole-process model of a single-wire electrical explosion from solid-state to plasma formation. For this purpose, the voltage drop and resistance of the exploding copper wire in solid-state are simulated through a zero-dimensional thermo-electrical model. Then, compressible Euler equations are implemented with nodal discontinuous Lagrange shape functions in a one-dimensional model to compute the flow of the generated copper vapor (due to the wire explosion) in surrounding nitrogen gas. The aim is to calculate the distributions of pressure, density, velocity, temperature, and mass flow along the cylindrical shock waves to estimate the arc’s copper/nitrogen mixture ratio in free burning and nozzle constricted arcs. This mixture ratio is used to calculate the precise percentage of the metal vapor in the arcing area and to calculate Townsend growth coefficients utilizing to estimate the streamer breakdown of the mixture. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the temporal evolution of the plasma channel boundary, the shock front speed estimation as well as the arc voltage magnitude numerically calculated deploying the extracted mixture percentage from this study, manifesting the validity of the model. It shows that despite the low-pressure studies, the exploding wire method is not suitable for circuit breakers employing supercritical fluids as the insulation.

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Section: The Arc Metal Content For Different Wire Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

Kadivar

Niayesh

Støa-Aanensen

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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show abstract

“…Results in Fig. 1 show that the predicted critical RRRVs without considering turbulence is far too low compared with the measurement [43]. It is fair to state that the PML model adequately represents the turbulent effect for both gases over the large range of upstream pressure.…”

Section: A the Arc Modelmentioning

confidence: 85%

A Method for Analysing and Characterizing the Arc Cooling Effect of Different Gases in Strong Axial Flow With SF₆ and Air as Examples

Zhang,

Yao,

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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A method of quantifying the abilities of different gases to cool an axis-symmetric arc in strong axial flow is established. It is able to quantitatively account for the contributions of different energy exchange processes, such as convection, conduction, radiation and turbulent mixing, towards arc cooling (i.e. increase of arc resistance) during the current zero period of the interruption process. Applying the method to a decaying SF6 arc and an air arc in a converging-diverging nozzle with the arc current ramped down linearly from 1 kA to zero at a rate of 13.5 A/µs, it is shown that the arc cooling effects of turbulence and radial convection, in terms of the reciprocal of their arc cooling characteristic time (1/k), keep increasing in SF6 in the last 2 µs before current zero, but remain effectively unchanged in air. The arc cooling index (ACI) defined at 1 µs before current zero is found to be 2.59/µs for SF6 and 0.96/µs for air. The SF6 arc resistance at current zero is approximately 4 times that of air under the arcing conditions used in this study.

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“…The relation between the contact velocity and current is a matter of interruption performance and needs the simulation of transient recovery voltage (TRV) slopes. It is already studied through this validated model and is shown in Figure 6 of [94]. The relationship between the contact velocity and Thomson coil current or the variation in the actuator parameter was already published in [13].…”

Section: Effects Of Fast Elongation On the Arc Voltagementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Compatible Circuit Breaker Technologies

2021

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Dielectric Recovery of Ultrafast-Commutating Switches used for HVDC and Fault Current Limiting Applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

A Method for Analysing and Characterizing the Arc Cooling Effect of Different Gases in Strong Axial Flow With SF₆ and Air as Examples

Environmental Compatible Circuit Breaker Technologies

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Dielectric Recovery of Ultrafast-Commutating Switches used for HVDC and Fault Current Limiting Applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N2 circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N2 circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

A Method for Analysing and Characterizing the Arc Cooling Effect of Different Gases in Strong Axial Flow With SF6 and Air as Examples

Environmental Compatible Circuit Breaker Technologies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

Metal vapor content of an electric arc initiated by exploding wire in a model N₂ circuit breaker: simulation and experiment

A Method for Analysing and Characterizing the Arc Cooling Effect of Different Gases in Strong Axial Flow With SF₆ and Air as Examples