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AimTo assess a novel, noninvasive intervention capable of mobilizing charged antibacterial nanoparticles to the apical portions of the root canal system, utilizing the principles of electrokinetics.MethodsExperiments were conducted in three stages. Stage‐1: A computer model was generated to predict and visualize the electric field and current density distribution generated by the proposed intervention. Stage‐2: Transport of chitosan nanoparticles (CSnp) was evaluated qualitatively using a transparent microfluidic model with fluorescent‐labelled CSnp. Stage‐3: An ex vivo model was utilized to study the antimicrobial efficacy of the proposed treatment against 3‐week‐old monospecies E. faecalis biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also utilized in this stage to confirm the deposition of CSnp.ResultsThe results of the computer simulations predicted an electric field and current density that reach their maxima at the apical constriction of the root canal. Correspondingly, the microfluidic experiments demonstrated rapid, controlled CSnp transport throughout the simulated root canal anatomy with subsequent distribution and deposition in the apical constriction as well as periapical regions. Infected root canals when subjected to the novel treatment method resulted in a mean bacterial reduction of 2.1 log CFU. SEM analysis revealed electrophoretic deposition of chitosan nanoparticles onto the root canal dentine walls in the apical region.ConclusionThe findings from this study demonstrate that the combination of cationic antibacterial nanoparticles with a low‐intensity electric field results in particle transportation (electrophoresis) and deposition within the root canal. This results in a synergistic antibiofilm efficacy and has the potential to enhance root canal disinfection.
AimTo assess a novel, noninvasive intervention capable of mobilizing charged antibacterial nanoparticles to the apical portions of the root canal system, utilizing the principles of electrokinetics.MethodsExperiments were conducted in three stages. Stage‐1: A computer model was generated to predict and visualize the electric field and current density distribution generated by the proposed intervention. Stage‐2: Transport of chitosan nanoparticles (CSnp) was evaluated qualitatively using a transparent microfluidic model with fluorescent‐labelled CSnp. Stage‐3: An ex vivo model was utilized to study the antimicrobial efficacy of the proposed treatment against 3‐week‐old monospecies E. faecalis biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also utilized in this stage to confirm the deposition of CSnp.ResultsThe results of the computer simulations predicted an electric field and current density that reach their maxima at the apical constriction of the root canal. Correspondingly, the microfluidic experiments demonstrated rapid, controlled CSnp transport throughout the simulated root canal anatomy with subsequent distribution and deposition in the apical constriction as well as periapical regions. Infected root canals when subjected to the novel treatment method resulted in a mean bacterial reduction of 2.1 log CFU. SEM analysis revealed electrophoretic deposition of chitosan nanoparticles onto the root canal dentine walls in the apical region.ConclusionThe findings from this study demonstrate that the combination of cationic antibacterial nanoparticles with a low‐intensity electric field results in particle transportation (electrophoresis) and deposition within the root canal. This results in a synergistic antibiofilm efficacy and has the potential to enhance root canal disinfection.
BACKGROUND: The intricate structure of natural materials is in correspondence with its highly complex functional behaviour. The health of teeth depends, in a complex way, on a heterogeneous arrangement of soft and hard porous tissues that allow for an adequate flow of minerals and oxygen to provide continuous restoration. Although restorative materials, used in clinics, have been evolving from the silver amalgams to actual inorganic fillers, their structural and textural properties are scarcely biomimetic, hindering the functional recovery of the tissue. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to compare and test the hybrid mesoporous silica-based scaffolds as candidates for dentine restoration applications. METHODS: In this work, we present the development and the physical properties study of biocompatible hybrid mesoporous nanostructured scaffolds with a chemically versatile surface and biosimilar architecture. We test their textural (BET) and dielectric permittivity (ac impedance) properties. RESULTS: These materials, with textural and dielectric properties similar to dentine and large availability for the payload of therapeutic agents, are promising candidates as functional restorative materials, suitable for impedance characterization techniques in dental studies. CONCLUSIONS: Structural, textural, morphological characterization and electrical properties of hybrid mesoporous show a large degree of similarity to natural dentin samples.
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