The a-axis optical properties of a detwinned single crystal of YBa2Cu3O6.50 in the ortho II phase (Ortho II Y123, Tc= 59 K) were determined from reflectance data over a wide frequency range (70 -42 000 cm −1 ) for nine temperature values between 28 and 295 K. Above 200 K the spectra are dominated by a broad background of scattering that extends to 1 eV. Below 200 K a shoulder in the reflectance appears and signals the onset of scattering at 400 cm −1 . In this temperature range we also observe a peak in the optical conductivity at 177 cm −1 . Below 59 K, the superconducting transition temperature, the spectra change dramatically with the appearance of the superconducting condensate. Its spectral weight is consistent, to within experimental error, with the Ferrell-GloverTinkham (FGT) sum rule. We also compare our data with magnetic neutron scattering on samples from the same source that show a strong resonance at 31 meV. We find that the scattering rates can be modeled as the combined effect of the neutron resonance and a bosonic background in the presence of a density of states with a pseudogap. The model shows that the decreasing amplitude of the neutron resonance with temperature is compensated for by an increasing of the bosonic background yielding a net temperature independent scattering rate at high frequencies. This is in agreement with the experiments. The complete phase diagram of the high temperature superconducting (HTSC) cuprates is still under intense debate. The normal state, particularly in the underdoped region, is dominated by a variety of not-well-understood cross-over phenomena that may either be precursors to superconductivity or competing states. These include the pseudogap [1], the magnetic resonance [2,3,4], the anomalous Nernst effect [5,6], stripe order [7,8,9,10] and possible superconducting fluctuations [11,12]. The situation is further complicated by the presence of disorder and the practical considerations that lead to a situation where a given cuprate is not investigated with all the available experimental techniques. Ideally, one would like to have a system where disorder is minimized and several experimental techniques can be used with the same crystals. As a step in that direction we present detailed a-axis optical data on the highly ordered ortho-II phase of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6.50 (Ortho II Y123) and compare these data with recent results from magnetic neutron scattering and microwave spectroscopy on crystals from the same source.An important motivation for a comparison between transport properties and the magnetic neutron resonance comes from the observation that the carrier life time, as measured by infrared spectroscopy, is dominated by a bosonic mode [13,14,15,16,17] whose frequency and intensity, as a function of temperature and doping level, tracks the inelastic magnetic resonance at 41 meV with in-plane momentum transfer of (π, π) [15,16]. The magnetic resonance has also been invoked to explain other self-energy effects such as the kink in the dispersion of angle-resolved photo...