Diel variation of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> dynamics in two contrasting temperate lakes

Martinez‐Cruz, Karla; Sepulveda‐Jauregui, Armando; Greene, Samuel M.; Fuchs, Andrea; Rodriguez, Maricela; Pansch, Nina; Gonsiorczyk, Thomas; Casper, Peter

doi:10.1080/20442041.2020.1728178

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…We summarized the studies on the daily variability of the GHG emissions in reservoirs and lakes in Table S6, including some investigations on rivers, wetlands, and soils. Previous studies found similar ranges of daily CO 2 fluxes in deep reservoirs and lakes [3,41], but a higher variability in systems shallower than the study reservoirs [52,53]. In rivers and soils, the daily variability of the N 2 O fluxes was up to one order of magnitude [19,32,54,55].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

León-Palmero,

Morales-Baquero,

Reche

2023

Preprint

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Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from reservoirs are quantitatively relevant for atmospheric climatic forcing. These emissions have large temporal variability, with daily changes accounting for a substantial part of this variability. However, most estimations for GHG fluxes are based on the upscaling of discrete measurements performed during the daytime and, in general, they do not account for nighttime emissions. Here, we explored the daily patterns of CO2, N2O, and diffusive and ebullitive CH4fluxes in two eutrophic reservoirs with contrasted morphometries in two different years. We found a daily pattern for CO2, N2O, and diffusive CH4fluxes with consistent higher emissions during the daytime than during the nighttime, irrespectively of reservoir morphometry. These three diffusive fluxes showed evident daily synchrony suggesting a common driver. The emissions were coupled with the daily solar cycle, wind speed, and water temperature. The daily emissions of the CO2, N2O, and CH4were also positive and significantly related to oxygen saturation. In contrast, we did not find a consistent daily pattern for the ebullitive CH4fluxes, although they represented a significant fraction of the total CH4 emitted in these reservoirs. Our study suggests that the daily variability in GHG emissions may be as relevant as the variability at spatial scale or inter-system variability. Therefore, daily ranges should be considered in future GHG budgets to refine temporal trends of GHG emissions from reservoirs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

León-Palmero,

Morales-Baquero,

Reche

2023

Preprint

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“…Variability of the gas volume in the four replicates was less than 10 %. We used the SiBu-GUI software (McGinnis et al, 2006;Greinert and McGinnis, 2009) to correct for gas exchange within the water column during the rise of bubbles and thus obtained the CH 4 ebullition and CH 4 bubble dissolution fluxes. Calculations were made following several scenarios: two extreme bubblesize scenarios considering a release of many small (3 mm diameter) bubbles or fewer large (10 mm) bubbles and an intermediate scenario of release of 6 mm diameter bubbles.…”

Section: Ch 4 Ebullition Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally assumed that CH 4 in lakes originates from the degradation of organic matter in anoxic sediments. Because most methanogens are considered to be strict anaerobes, and net vertical diffusion of CH 4 from anoxic bottom waters is often negligible (Bastviken et al, 2003), physical processes of CH 4 transport from shallow sediments are usually invoked to explain patterns of local CH 4 concentration maxima in surface waters (Fernández et al, 2016;Peeters et al, 2019;Martinez-Cruz et al, 2020). Indeed, CH 4 -rich pore water is regularly released from littoral sediment into the water column during resuspension events associated with surface waves (Hofmann et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane paradox in tropical lakes? Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production in oxic conditions sustain methanotrophy and emissions to the atmosphere

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Despite growing evidence that methane (CH4) formation could also occur in well-oxygenated surface fresh waters, its significance at the ecosystem scale is uncertain. Empirical models based on data gathered at high latitude predict that the contribution of oxic CH4 increases with lake size and should represent the majority of CH4 emissions in large lakes. However, such predictive models could not directly apply to tropical lakes, which differ from their temperate counterparts in some fundamental characteristics, such as year-round elevated water temperature. We conducted stable-isotope tracer experiments, which revealed that oxic CH4 production is closely related to phytoplankton metabolism and is a common feature in five contrasting African lakes. Nevertheless, methanotrophic activity in surface waters and CH4 emissions to the atmosphere were predominantly fuelled by CH4 generated in sediments and physically transported to the surface. Indeed, CH4 bubble dissolution flux and diffusive benthic CH4 flux were several orders of magnitude higher than CH4 production in surface waters. Microbial CH4 consumption dramatically decreased with increasing sunlight intensity, suggesting that the freshwater “CH4 paradox” might be also partly explained by photo-inhibition of CH4 oxidizers in the illuminated zone. Sunlight appeared as an overlooked but important factor determining the CH4 dynamics in surface waters, directly affecting its production by photoautotrophs and consumption by methanotrophs.

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“…The first three dead volumes of the tube (2.5 L each) retrieved by the pump were discarded before taking samples for further analyses. A water sampler (LIMNOS, Finland) was used to collect samples without pumping (W samp ). W samp samples were only taken in 20 and 23 m depth in 2017, and in more detail in 2018 (5 m increments until 20 m depth, 1 m increments until 23 m depth, 23.5 and 23.7 m). For the analysis of CH 4 , a third method was applied in 2018, using the M‐ICOS system (Gonzalez‐Valencia et al., 2014; Martinez‐Cruz et al., 2020). This method also involved gentle pumping, followed by the passage of the water through an equilibrator (gas‐liquid exchange membrane, MiniModule 1 × 5.5 liqui‐cel, 3M Wuppertal, Germany) and continuous gas‐measurements using a new generation ultraportable greenhouse gas analyzer (UGGA 30P, Los Gatos Research Inc., California, USA), while lowering the tube toward the lake bottom (W M‐ICOS ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. For the analysis of CH 4 , a third method was applied in 2018, using the M-ICOS system (Gonzalez-Valencia et al, 2014;Martinez-Cruz et al, 2020). This method also involved gentle pumping, followed by the passage of the water through an equilibrator (gas-liquid exchange membrane, MiniModule 1 × 5.5 liqui-cel, 3M Wuppertal, Germany) and continuous gas-measurements using a new generation ultraportable greenhouse gas analyzer (UGGA 30P, Los Gatos Research Inc., California, USA), while lowering the tube toward the lake bottom (W M-ICOS ).…”

Section: Sampling and Analyticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Greenhouse Gases (CH₄ and CO₂) in Meromictic Lake Burgsee, Germany

2022

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Methane formed in freshwater lakes is emitted to the atmosphere by different pathways, mainly by diffusion, ebullition, or plant-mediated release (Bastviken et al., 2011). However, gases may be trapped or accumulate during the ascension due to floating macrophytes (Attermeyer et al., 2016), ice-covers (Greene et al., 2014), thermoclines (Donis et al., 2017, or chemical gradients found in volcanic (Descy et al., 2012) and other meromictic lakes (Boehrer et al., 2017). In meromictic lakes, that is, permanently stratified lakes, chemical stratification causes a nonrecirculating monimolimnion that prevents the release of gases and nutrients into the upper water layers, and thus, to the atmosphere. The water body above the chemocline, the mixolimnion, may stratify into epilimnion and hypolimnion and may recirculate seasonally (Boehrer et al., 2017;Boehrer & Schultze, 2008). Due to the lack of mixing, oxygen may get depleted in the deeper layers of the hypolimnion of holomictic and meromictic lakes at the end of the summer stratification, and is usually depleted in the monimolimnion of meromictic lakes. Under anoxic conditions, anaerobic decomposition processes dominate, with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) being key products. In temperate latitudes, CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations reach on average < 1 mmol L −1 in the hypolimnion of holomictic lakes (Juutinen et al., 2009), whereas these gases may accumulate to enormous

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Diel variation of CH₄ and CO₂ dynamics in two contrasting temperate lakes

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

Methane paradox in tropical lakes? Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production in oxic conditions sustain methanotrophy and emissions to the atmosphere

Dynamics of Greenhouse Gases (CH₄ and CO₂) in Meromictic Lake Burgsee, Germany

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Diel variation of CH4 and CO2 dynamics in two contrasting temperate lakes

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

Consistent higher emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane during the daytime in reservoirs

Methane paradox in tropical lakes? Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production in oxic conditions sustain methanotrophy and emissions to the atmosphere

Dynamics of Greenhouse Gases (CH4 and CO2) in Meromictic Lake Burgsee, Germany

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Diel variation of CH₄ and CO₂ dynamics in two contrasting temperate lakes

Dynamics of Greenhouse Gases (CH₄ and CO₂) in Meromictic Lake Burgsee, Germany