Die Umwandlungen der Schmelzpulpa und der Schmelzepithelien während der Entwicklung des Zahnes

Reichenbach, E

doi:10.1007/bf02117986

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Reichenbach (1928) supported this theory, and claimed to find evidence of tension in the arrangement of fibrillae within the cells of the cord. Reichenbach (1928) supported this theory, and claimed to find evidence of tension in the arrangement of fibrillae within the cells of the cord.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…4). Although Santoni: ( 1 9 3 5~) and Gulat (1936) regarded the enamel knot as a region of rapid multiplication, Reichenbach (1926Reichenbach ( , 1928 and Schour (1929) found no greater proportion of mitoses than in the inner enamel epithelium generally, and Blechschmidt (1935) reported that cell divisions cease in the enamel knot at an early stage, while still continuing in the more peripheral parts of the epithelium. Besides the pig and man, Ahrens (1913) found it in the guinea-pig; its presence in man has been confirmed by several authors (Retterer, 1923; Wakeford, 1926;Schour, 1929;Norberg, 1929;Meyer, 1932;Fernandez Rama, 1951; Blechschmidt, 1953); Reichenbach (1926) studied it in the pig; Hoffmann (1925) found it in the mouse and rabbit, Greiner (1929) in Tarsius, and Van den Berg (1947) in the calf.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). Bolk (1913Bolk ( ,1915aBolk ( , 1921 and Reichenbach (1928) showed that the vacuolization of the cells in the interior of the enamel organ, in the course of development of the stellate reticulum, begins peripherally, so that the cells near the central axis of the enamel organ retain a close-packed arrangement for a longer period; these central cells form the enamel cord (enamel septum of Bolk). At least the lower part of the enamel cord is formed by the migration of cells occlusally from the enamel knot (Ahrens, 1914; Lambertini, 1927; Santonk, 1 9 3 5~; Fernandez Rama, 1951), but it is not certain that the whole of the enamel cord has originated in this way.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier work on this subject has been reviewed by Hoffman (1925), Reichenbach (1928) and Lehner & Plenk (1936). T h e main point of controversy was whether the base of the enamel organ was pushed in by growth of the adjacent mesenchyme, or whether the bell stage was reached by unequal growth or cell migration of the enamel organ itself (compare Figs.…”

Section: The Development Of Cusps ( I ) What Is a Cusp?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of functions has been attributed to the stellate reticulum (reviewed by Reichenbach, 1928; Lehner & Plenk, 1936;and Green, 1938). They fall into two classes: ( a ) nutrition of the cells of the inner enamel epithelium, (6) mechanical functions.…”

Section: (3) the Function Of The Stellate Reticulummentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Ontogeny of Molar Pattern

1956

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SUMMARY The crown pattern of the tooth is essentially that of the surface of the dentine (dentine‐enamel junction), modified by the deposition of enamel which may be uneven in thickness. The dentine‐enamel junction preserves in the completed tooth the form of the membrana praeformativa, the basement membrane of the inner enamel epithelium of the enamel organ. Folding of this membrane creates the crown pattern. The inner enamel epithelium is subjected to pressure from both sides. On the basal side there is the rapidly growing mesenchyme of the dental papilla, and on the occlusal side there is the stellate reticulum, which swells by the accumulation of fluid. The stellate reticulum prevents distortion of the epithelium by growth of the papilla, and thus ensures that folding of the epithelium is due to its intrinsic growth pattern. This makes for more accurate control of the crown pattern, the details of which are of importance in the function of chewing. The enamel knot is a region of the inner enamel epithelium from which cells are contributed to the stellate reticulum. It represents the tip of the primary cusp. The enamel cord (‘enamel septum’) which consists of cells which are in process of transforming into stellate reticulum, has been confused with two other structures that develop later: a cleavage septum, preparatory to the formation of crown cementum, and an epithelial septum, found in marsupials and crocodilians. The epithelial nodules of monotremes are probably degenerate relics of an epithelial septum. The inner enamel epithelium is a diaphragm passing across the interior of the dental follicle, and folding to adapt its increased area to a confined space. The cement organ, which in some mammals develops from the follicle, probably plays no part in the deformation of the epithelium, but the follicle as a whole may be subject to compression by adjacent follicles. A cusp is a centre of precocious maturation of the cells of the inner enamel epithelium. Here growth ceases (perhaps after a transitory burst of mitosis) and eventually the hard tissues are deposited. The process starts at the tip of the cusp and extends basally, so that growth continues longest in the valleys, intensifying the crown relief. Dens in dente is due to retarded maturation of an area of the enamel epithelium. Throughout the development of the crown there is a marginal zona cingularis, where growth continues. The crown pattern depends upon the position and the stage of growth in which cusps are differentiated from the zona cingularis, by accelerated maturation of groups of cells. Cusps which appear late in development stand low on the crown and frequently form part of a cingulum. Changes in the timing of cusp formation play an important part in serial modifications of pattern, as well as in phylogeny. Ridges are probably produced by tensions set up in the epithelium by the relative movement of cusps, owing to unequal growth or to changes in the shape of the follicle. They form in areas where growth has slowed down but the apposition of ...

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Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 83%