Die Topik und feinere Histologie der Ganglienzellgruppen in der Medulla oblongata und im Ponsgebiet mit einem kurzen Hinweis auf die Gliaverhältnisse und die Histopathologie

Gagel, O.; Bodechtel, G.

doi:10.1007/bf02119345

Cited by 64 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The classical work of Ziehen ( 1903 ) has provided extensive descriptions of cyto- and myelo-architecture of fiber pathways in the brainstem. Subsequent cytoarchitectonic studies have provided additional detail and more refined visualization with the use of photomicrographs (Gagel and Bodechtel, 1930 ; Stern, 1935 ; Crosby and Woodburne, 1943 ; Riley, 1943 ). More recently, the atlases of Paxinos and Huang ( 1995 ) and Tona et al ( 2017 ) stand out for their in-depth descriptions of brainstem nuclei cytoarchitecture and topography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-Micron Resolution MRI

et al. 2020

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The brainstem, a structure of vital importance in mammals, is currently becoming a principal focus in cognitive, affective, and clinical neuroscience. Midbrain, pontine and medullary structures serve as the conduit for signals between the forebrain and spinal cord, are the epicenter of cranial nerve-circuits and systems, and subserve such integrative functions as consciousness, emotional processing, pain, and motivation. In this study, we parcellated the nuclear masses and the principal fiber pathways that were visible in a high-resolution T2-weighted MRI dataset of 50-micron isotropic voxels of a postmortem human brainstem. Based on this analysis, we generated a detailed map of the human brainstem. To assess the validity of our maps, we compared our observations with histological maps of traditional human brainstem atlases. Given the unique capability of MRI-based morphometric analysis in generating and preserving the morphology of 3D objects from individual 2D sections, we reconstructed the motor, sensory and integrative neural systems of the brainstem and rendered them in 3D representations. We anticipate the utilization of these maps by the neuroimaging community for applications in basic neuroscience as well as in neurology, psychiatry, and neurosurgery, due to their versatile computational nature in 2D and 3D representations in a publicly available capacity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-Micron Resolution MRI

et al. 2020

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“…The classical work of Ziehen has provided extensive descriptions of cyto-and myelo-architecture of fiber pathways in the brainstem (Ziehen, 1933). Further studies performed on brainstem cytoarchitectonics have provided additional detail and visualization capabilities with the use of photomicrographs (Gagel & Bodechtel, 1930) (Stern, 1935) (Crosby & Woodburne, 1943) (Riley, 1943). More recently, the work of Olszewski and Baxter (1982) and of Paxinos and Huang (1995) stands out for their in-depth descriptions of brainstem nuclei cytoarchitecture and topography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-micron Resolution MRI

Makris

Rushmore

Wilson-Braun

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The brainstem, a structure of vital importance in the mammals, is currently becoming a principal focus in cognitive, affective and clinical neuroscience. Midbrain, pontine and medullar structures are the epicenter of conduit, cranial nerve and such integrative functions as consciousness, emotional processing, pain and motivation. In this study, we parcellated the nuclear masses and the principal fiber pathways that were visible in a high resolution T2-weighted MRI dataset of 50-micron isotropic voxels of a postmortem human brainstem. Based on this analysis, we generated a detailed map of the human brainstem. To assess the validity of our maps, we compared our observations with histological maps of traditional human brainstem atlases.Moreover, we reconstructed the motor, sensory and integrative neural systems of the brainstem and rendered them in 3D representations. We anticipate the utilization of these maps by the neuroimaging community at large for applications in basic neuroscience as well as in neurology, psychiatry and neurosurgery, due to their versatile computational nature in 2D and 3D representations in a publicly available capacity.

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“…Heinrich von Hayek became chairman of anatomy in Vienna, Philipp Stöhr Jr. continued as chair in Bonn, Stieve remained chair in Berlin, Voss had a chair in Jena, Helmut Ferner in Homburg, Heidelberg and Vienna, Josef Wallraff was an anatomist in Munich and Erich Schiller continued to work on anatomical topics (Staubesand,1998; Hildebrandt2009a, c; Winkelmann and Noack,2010). Wolfgang Bargmann became possibly the most prominent German anatomist after the war and was highly respected internationally for his work on neurosecretion as well as for his efforts to bring German anatomy back in contact with its colleagues worldwide (Fleischhauer,1979; Hildebrandt,2012). The history of their science in the first half of the twentieth century was not openly discussed by German anatomists until the beginning of the twenty‐first century (for a historiographic background see Hildebrandt,2009a).…”

Section: Discussion: “People Would Like To Be Allowed To Forget Much mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on bodies of the executed in German anatomy: An accepted method that changed during the Third Reich. Study of anatomical journals from 1924 to 1951

Hildebrandt

2012

Clinical Anatomy

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While it is known that bodies of the executed were used for anatomical research in Germany during the Third Reich, it is unclear whether this type of work was unique to the time period or more common in Germany than elsewhere. The dissected persons and the anatomists involved have not been fully investigated. This study of anatomical journals from 1924 to 1951 shows that 166 out of 7,438 [2.2%] German language articles mentioned the use of “material” from the bodies of executed persons. In comparison, only 2 out of 4,702 English language articles explicitly mentioned bodies of the executed. From 1924 to1932, 33 of a total of 3,734 [1%] German articles listed the use of the executed. From 1933 to 1938 the number rose to 46 out of 2,265 [2%], and increased again from 1939 to 1945 to 73 out of 984 [7%]. After the war 15 out of 455 [3%] still dealt with “material” from the executed. German anatomists' familiarity with the use of the executed as a standard for healthy tissues even before 1933 may have contributed to the ease with which they accepted the “opportunities” (large‐scale studies and research on women) presented to them by unlimited access to bodies of the executed provided by the abusive National Socialist (NS) legislation and continued using them for some years after the war. German postwar anatomy was built in part on the bodies of NS victims. Information given in some publications will help with further identification of these victims. Clin. Anat. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Die Topik und feinere Histologie der Ganglienzellgruppen in der Medulla oblongata und im Ponsgebiet mit einem kurzen Hinweis auf die Gliaverhältnisse und die Histopathologie

Cited by 64 publications

References 5 publications

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-Micron Resolution MRI

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-Micron Resolution MRI

3D Exploration of the Brainstem in 50-micron Resolution MRI

Research on bodies of the executed in German anatomy: An accepted method that changed during the Third Reich. Study of anatomical journals from 1924 to 1951

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