Die Sklerosen

Volhard, Franz; Suter, F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-42978-5_4

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…However, a rather high incidence in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and renal impairment was found. 9 These observations are in accordance with our own eye ground studies 47 in patients with renoparenchymal hypertension (based on histological proof of various forms of glomerulonephritis) as compared to patients with essential hypertension. In both groups we found a direct relationship between severe hypertensive retinopathy (corresponding with the earlier fundus hypertonicus stages III and IV of Keith and Wagner) and mean arterial blood pressure.…”

Section: Optic Fundi In Malignant Nephrosclerosissupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Consequently, the uremic symptoms disappeared'. 9 In 1931 36 he added to the previous recall: 'FurtherJournal of Human Hypertension more, in some patients, working capacity and a considerable quality of life could be restored for months, or even for 1 or 2 years'. Beneficial effects were explained with less retention of toxic products, which accumulate due to renal failure.…”

Section: Definition and Therapy Of Uraemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In its pathogenesis the importance of inheritance (in particular for nephrosclerosis), age, obesity, intensity of life style (stress) as well as alcohol abuse were discussed. 6,9,55 On the contrary, in pale hypertension, Volhard emphasised a general vasoconstriction as documented by pallor of the skin, narrowed retinal vessels as well as hypocirculation of the kidney. He assumed that hypertension in acute and chronic renal disease is a consequence of diffuse involvement of renal vessels.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms In the Pathogenesis Of Malignant Nephromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the description of the various renal lesions by pathologists and clinicians was confusing and chaotic. A real breakthrough ('breath of fresh air', Sir George Pickering 9 Volhard was in trouble with the Nazi regime for, unfortunately, his independent opinion. As a consequence, he was forced to leave his position as Director of the Clinic in 1938 in a humiliating manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Franz Volhard and Theodor Fahr: achievements and controversies in their research in renal disease and hypertension

Heidland

Gerabek²,

Šebeková

2000

J Hum Hypertens

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Section: Optic Fundi In Malignant Nephrosclerosissupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Definition and Therapy Of Uraemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Mechanisms In the Pathogenesis Of Malignant Nephromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Franz Volhard and Theodor Fahr: achievements and controversies in their research in renal disease and hypertension

Heidland

Gerabek²,

Šebeková

2000

J Hum Hypertens

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“…In this sense, Franz Volhard 8 suggested the existence of a circulating vasopressor substance. He classified the hypertensive patients: those with slight vascular damage as reds, and those with important vascular lesions-mostly in the kidney, pale skin, and cerebral damage (malignant hypertension)-as white.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

History About the Discovery of the Renin-Angiotensin System

2001

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Abstract-The history of the discovery of the renin-angiotensin system began in 1898 with the studies made by Tigerstedt and Bergman, who reported the pressor effect of renal extracts; they named the renal substance renin based on its origin. In 1934, Harry Goldblatt induced experimental hypertension in dogs by clamping a renal artery. About 1936, simultaneously in the Medical School of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and in the Eli-Lilly Laboratories in Indianapolis, 2 independent groups of researchers, using the Goldblatt technique to produce experimental hypertension, demonstrated renal secretion of a pressor agent similar to renin. In the following years, both teams described the presence of a new compound in the renal vein blood of ischemic kidneys. This agent was extracted from blood with 70% acetone and had a short pressor effect. The final conclusion was that renin acted enzymatically on a plasma protein to produce the new substance. He related hypertrophy to an increased resistance to blood flow in the small vessels due to the altered condition of the blood. In 1868, George Johnson, 2 reporting studies on nephritis, suggested that hyaline-fibroid alterations in the renal vessels were due to an impure condition of the blood, which was also responsible for left ventricular hypertrophy. F.A. Mahomed, 3 using a primitive sphygmograph for the first time, described high blood pressure in 1872. He also linked left ventricular hypertrophy to hypertension due to nephritis and reported the presence of high blood pressure in patients without renal disease. 4,5 Finally, Riva-Rocci, 6 in 1896, described the first indirect sphygmomanometer to measure arterial pressure in humans, and in 1905, Korotkoff 7 defined the sounds that are named after him.The relationship between pathological alterations in the kidney and the development of systemic arterial hypertension had been postulated for many years. In this sense, Franz Volhard 8 suggested the existence of a circulating vasopressor substance. He classified the hypertensive patients: those with slight vascular damage as reds, and those with important vascular lesions-mostly in the kidney, pale skin, and cerebral damage (malignant hypertension)-as white.On the other hand, by the end of the nineteenth century, Tigerstedt, a Finnish professor of physiology working at the Karolinska Institute, and his assistant Bergman 9 analyzed the effect of renal extracts on arterial pressure. They discovered the presence of a pressor compound in the renal tissue of the rabbit, and based on its origin, they named it renin. The pressor activity could be extracted with glycerin, did not dialyze, and was stable at 56°C and was destroyed by boiling. Moreover, they showed that the renal vein blood increased blood pressure when injected into nephrectomized animals. They also detected the potentiation and protraction of the pressor response to renin in the nephrectomized recipient. They explained that the association between renal disease and cardiac hypertrophy was due to the kidney ...

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