Die Sense of Coherence Scale von Antonovsky und das Vorliegen einer psychiatrischen Diagnose

Abstract

Despite a wide reception of Antonovsky's salutogenetic model, only recently representative data measuring sense of coherence with the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC) have been collected for Germany. Meanwhile, norms have been published for the long (SOC-29) and the short-form (SOC-13) of the scale. Also an alternative short-form (SOC-9L) has been developed. Basis of this investigation are data from 4002 subjects (70.2 % response rate) from a representative sample in the City of Lübeck and the surrounding communities. In addition to a comprehensive battery of psychometric instruments, the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) was used to derive DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. In this study, test statistical parameters for SOC-items stemming from a representative survey are reported. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) for the three forms are: SOC-29 = 0.91, SOC-13 = 0.86 und SOC-9L = 0.85. Critical differences with an alpha of 5 % are ascertained at: SOC-29 = 17.73, SOC-13 = 11.55 und SOC-9L = 8.61. Arithmetic means (and standard deviations) of the three scales for the whole sample are: SOC-29 = 155 (23), SOC-13 = 70 (11), SOC-9L = 51 (8). Also descriptive values, respecting age and gender for the three forms of the SOC are referred. Additionally all three SOC forms for the whole sample are contrasted with SOC scores of subjects who a) never fulfilled criteria for a psychiatric disorder in their lifetime, b) fulfilled criteria for a psychiatric disorder once in their lifetime, and c) fulfilled criteria for a psychiatric disorder in the last 12 months. Subjects who never fulfilled criteria showed highest scores, those who did so within the last 12 months showed lowest scores. The other two group scored in between.

PTSD in Paramedics: Resilience and Sense of Coherence

“…The resilience mean of the paramedics (M = 66.04, SD = 6.57) was significantly higher (z = 19.07, p < .05) than the mean of a German representative population sample (M = 58.03, SD = 10.76; N = 2,004; Schumacher et al, 2005). The SOC mean of the paramedics (M = 53.50, SD = 7.25) was also significantly higher (z = 8.06, p < .05) than the mean of a German representative population sample (M = 51.00, SD = 8.00; N = 4,002; Hannöver et al, 2003).…”

Pilot study of adrenal steroid hormones in hair as an indicator of chronic mental and physical stress

“…On the other hand, salutogenic personal traits like the sense of coherence and resilience are also associated with a reduced activation of the HPA axis 30 31 . This model has received growing attention with respect to our understanding of disease and is to be determined also in the current study 32 33 34 . Disease and health are not seen as mutually exclusive categories but as endpoints in the Health-Ease/Dis-Ease continuum, meaning that a human being is thus not healthy or sick but rather more or less sick or healthy 35 .…”

A neural mechanism for affective well-being: Subgenual cingulate cortex mediates real-life effects of nonexercise activity on energy

“…To explore the relevance of our findings from the within-subject level for affective well-being and mental health, we tested for between-subject differences of our within-subject target construct energy. We conducted multivariate regression analyses with mean energetic arousal as captured by the e-diaries and averaged within participants across the study week, predicting a set of established affective well-being and mental health indicators [i.e., World Health Organization (WHO) Well-Being Index (WBI) ( 23 ), trait anxiety ( 24 ), sense of coherence ( 25 ), satisfaction with life ( 26 ), optimism ( 27 ), and self-efficacy ( 28 )] in a sample comprising all participants from the replication study who provided these data ( n = 80). Our analyses, which we controlled for age, sex, and socioeconomic status ( 29 ), showed both robust multivariate [ F 6,69 = 5.134; P (Wilks’ lambda) < 0.001] and significant univariate associations (see Table 3 ) of energetic arousal with these mental health metrics.…”

“…They completed a battery of questionnaires and self-ratings including basic sociodemographic information, an established multidimensional index of socioeconomic status based on retrospective self-ratings of occupational status, educational attainment, and household income (SES21) developed by Lampert et al ( 29 ); a retrospective self-rating inventory to quantify trait neuroticism (NEO Five-Factor Inventory–30) ( 42 ); a retrospective five-item self-rating of subjective well-being across the prior 2 weeks (WHO WBI, WBI25) ( 23 ); and self-rated subjective social status (MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status) ( 43 ). Moreover, participants completed a 20-item self-rating of trait anxiety [State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) ( 24 )], a 29-item self-rating inventory capturing sense of coherence [Sense of Coherence Scale ( 25 )], a 5-item self-rating scale assessing satisfaction with life [Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) ( 26 )], a 3-item subscale optimism of the self-reported Life Orientation Test [LOT-R; ( 27 )], and a 10-item self-rating of self-efficacy [SWE; ( 28 )]. Participants’ body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported data on height and weight.…”

“…To explore the relevance for affective well-being and mental health, we tested for associations of the within-subject target energy with established well-being and mental health metrics. In particular, we applied a multivariate regression model followed by univariate analyses and entered mean energetic arousal as captured by the e-diaries and averaged within participants across the study week as predictor, the respective scores of established affective well-being and mental health indicators [i.e., WHO WBI ( 23 ), trait anxiety ( 24 ), sense of coherence ( 25 ), satisfaction with life ( 26 ), optimism ( 27 ), and self-efficacy ( 28 )] as outcome variables, as well as age, sex, and socioeconomic status ( 29 ) as covariates into the model. We applied the Wilks’ lambda test statistic for the multivariate test and performed the analyses with the software SPSS (IBM, version 26.0.0.0).…”