Die Minderheitenfrage in der Europäischen Union

Pan, Christoph

doi:10.1007/s12241-009-0036-1

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Europe is inherently diverse: 190 minorities live within the European Union (Pan 2009). The respect for its cultural, ethnic, or linguistic diversity poses an obligation (cf.…”

Section: A Typical European Case? the Ethnic Conflict In Carinthia (A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Wars and Minority Rights: From Ethnic Conflict towards a Peace Region Alps-Adria?

Pirker

2021

Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija Za Narodnostna Vprašanja

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Described as “the age of extremes” by historian Eric Hobsbawm, the 20th century was defined by heavily-contested borders and identities in Central Europe: politically, culturally, socially, and intellectually. With the end of World War I, communities found themselves in new nation- states, and the politics of assimilation and relations between minorities and their kinstates created tensions that continue to reverberate today. Using the Slovene minority in Austria as a case study, the article provides insight into two international projects that involve civil society actors in the field of memory politics and young people and their attitudes towards history and minorities. In drawing lessons from these initiatives dealing with troubled pasts to counteract current forms of exclusive identity politics, the article proposes that effective minority protection depends on a conductive social environment that allows for the reflection of opposing narratives stemming from ethnic conflict and acknowledges diversity as enrichment.

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“…Europe is inherently diverse: 190 minorities live within the European Union (Pan 2009). The respect for its cultural, ethnic, or linguistic diversity poses an obligation (cf.…”

Section: A Typical European Case? the Ethnic Conflict In Carinthia (A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Wars and Minority Rights: From Ethnic Conflict towards a Peace Region Alps-Adria?

Pirker

2021

Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija Za Narodnostna Vprašanja

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“…In a wider perspective we see that the 47 member states of the Council of Europe have 41 languages as official state languages. But these are still only a small subset of the estimated 195 language communities in Europe (Pan 2009). …”

Section: Minority Languages In Western Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Multilingual education for European minority languages: The Basque Country and Friesland

Gorter

Cenoz

2011

Int Rev Educ

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Over the last three decades, regional minority languages in Europe have regained increased recognition and support. Their revitalisation is partly due to their being taught in schools. Multilingualism has special characteristics for speakers of minority languages and it poses unique challenges for learning minority languages. This article looks at the cases of Basque and Frisian, comparing and contrasting their similarities and differences. The educational system in the Basque Autonomous Community underwent an important transformation, starting in 1979 from a situation where less than 5 per cent of all teachers were capable of teaching through Basque. Today this figure has changed to more than 80 per cent. An innovative approach was chosen for teaching the minority language, Basque, alongside the dominant language, Spanish, and the international language, English. The outcome is a substantial increase in the proficiency in the minority language among the younger age groups. The decline of the minority language has thus been successfully reversed and one of the major challenges now is to uphold a sustainable educational system. By contrast, the Frisian language has fared less well in the Netherlands, where developments over the last 30 years have been much slower and the results more modest. Here policy-making for education and for language is caught in a continuous debate between a weak provincial level and a powerful central state level. Overall, multilingualism as a resource for individuals is valued for ''bigger'' languages such as English, French and German, but not for a ''small'' language such as Frisian. Nevertheless, a few trilingual experiments have been carried out in some schools in Friesland in teaching Frisian, Dutch and English. These experiments may also be instructive for other cases of minority languages of a ''moderate strength''. In the cases of both Basque and Frisian multilingualism is generally perceived as an important resource.Keywords Basque in France and Spain Á Frisian in the Netherlands Á Educational language policies Á Models of language schooling Á Outcomes of bilingual education Á Trilingual education Résumé Enseignement multilingue en faveur des langues minoritaires en Europe : Pays basque et Frise -Depuis trois décennies, les langues minoritaires régionales en Europe bénéficient d'un regain de reconnaissance et de soutien. Leur reviviscence est due en partie à ce qu'elles sont enseignées dans les établissements scolaires. Le multilinguisme revêt des caractéristiques spécifiques pour les locuteurs des langues minoritaires, et pose des défis propres à l'apprentissage de ces langues. Les auteurs de cet article analysent les cas du Pays basque et de la Frise, en comparant et opposant leurs similitudes et différences. Le système éducatif de la Communauté autonome du Pays basque a connu une importante transformation amorcée en 1979, alors que moins de 5 pour cent du corps enseignant était en mesure d'exercer en langue basque. Aujourd'hui, ce chiffre est passé à plus de 80 pour cent. Une...

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Minderheiten und Recht. Eine Einführung am Beispiel Österreichs

Sonntag

2010

EJM

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Die Minderheitenfrage in der Europäischen Union

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Memory Wars and Minority Rights: From Ethnic Conflict towards a Peace Region Alps-Adria?

Memory Wars and Minority Rights: From Ethnic Conflict towards a Peace Region Alps-Adria?

Multilingual education for European minority languages: The Basque Country and Friesland

Minderheiten und Recht. Eine Einführung am Beispiel Österreichs

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