Die Lepra

Klingmüller, Victor

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-30560-7_1

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 681 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…I nfection of endothelial cells (EC) by Mycobacterium leprae was repeatedly noted in the early histopathologic descriptions of leprosy (Hansen and Looft, 1895;Klingmü ller, 1930). The extent of EC infection in this disease was reported in detail in a large study by Fite in 1941, who noted focal infection of blood vessels in 42% of skin lesions of all types, "usually with bacilli in the lining endothelial cells."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Association of Mycobacterium Leprae with Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro

Scollard

2000

Laboratory Investigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY:Endothelial cell infection by Mycobacterium leprae has long been described histologically in all types of leprosy and in some of the acute reactions occurring in this disease. Recent evidence from experimental lepromatous neuritis indicates that M. leprae colonizes endothelial cells of epineural blood vessels even in sites of minimal infection, suggesting that interaction between these cells and M. leprae may play an important role in the selective localization of this organism to peripheral nerve. To begin to study the mechanisms involved, we have examined the interaction between M. leprae and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. When M. leprae were added to confluent monolayers of HUVEC, uptake increased slowly to a maximum at 24 hours. Maximal percentages of infected cells were similar at ratios of organisms:cell over a range of 25:1 to 100:1. The bacilli appeared to lie within membrane-bound vacuoles at all time points. The kinetics of association of M. leprae with HUVEC are much slower than has previously been observed with macrophages, possibly due to differences in the binding of M. leprae. Compared with other pathogens that infect endothelial cells, M. leprae also appear to be ingested more slowly, and to a more limited degree. The receptors involved in M. leprae binding to endothelial cells and the impact of intracellular infection by M. leprae on these cells remain to be determined. (Lab Invest 2000, 80:663-669).I nfection of endothelial cells (EC) by Mycobacterium leprae was repeatedly noted in the early histopathologic descriptions of leprosy (Hansen and Looft, 1895;Klingmü ller, 1930). The extent of EC infection in this disease was reported in detail in a large study by Fite in 1941, who noted focal infection of blood vessels in 42% of skin lesions of all types, "usually with bacilli in the lining endothelial cells." Later studies further described EC infection by M. leprae at the light microscopic and ultrastructural levels (Boddingius, 1984;Burchard and Bierther, 1985;Coruh and McDougall, 1979;Fite, 1941;Mukherjee et al, 1987;Turkel et al, 1982). The remarkable extent of these descriptions, compared with other diseases, was emphasized in a review of the phagocytic properties of EC (Ryan, 1988). The pathogenesis of leprosy is now widely understood from the perspective of its unique immunologic spectrum, and EC involvement has not been widely appreciated among students of leprosy. However, the current cellular and molecular knowledge of immunologic mechanisms in leprosy do not obviate the longstanding observation of EC infection; rather, infection of EC appears to have been largely overlooked because, for over four decades, it had no apparent role in the immunological issues that dominated research on leprosy. Recent observations on the localization of M. leprae to peripheral nerves have indicated that EC play an important role in this process (Scollard et al, 199...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Association of Mycobacterium Leprae with Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro

Scollard

2000

Laboratory Investigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many forms of leprosy were described before the currently accepted leprosy classification. The symptoms of anesthesia and pigmentation have been described in leprosy since 1848, when Danielssen and Boeck distinguished three forms: lepra tuberosa (nodular), anesthetica (anesthetic) and mixta 3 . In 1895, Hansen and Looft suggested the term lepra maculosa for all types of neural (anesthetic) leprosy which present with macules as the early cutaneous manifestation 3,4 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukomelanodermic leprosy

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 39‐year‐old woman presented with a 6‐year history of asymptomatic macules on her back. The patient had no other complaints, and she did not report any case of infectious disease in her family. Examination revealed hyperpigmented macules, presenting irregular edges but with a sharp demarcation, on the midline of the back from the cervical to the lumbar region. Within these hyperpigmented areas, islands of normal appearing skin were observed. There were also some hypopigmented macules on the lateral and posterior aspects of the trunk (Fig. 1). The patient presented thickening of the left ulnar nerve and sensory loss to temperature on the lateral aspect of the left arm. 1 Hyperpigmented macules, presenting irregular but sharply demarcated edges, on the midline of the back. Islands of normal appearing skin are observed in these hyperpigmented areas. Hypopigmented macules on the lateral and posterior aspects of the trunk Biopsy specimens were obtained from the hyper‐ and hypopigmented areas. In the hyperpigmented macule, the biopsy revealed focal areas of hypomelanosis in the epidermis and the presence of melanophages in the superficial dermis, but no acid‐fast bacilli were found (Fig. 2a). The Masson–Fontana stain showed an evident pigmentary incontinence (Fig. 2b). The biopsy obtained from the hypopigmented lesion also revealed focal areas of hypomelanosis, but in the superficial dermis an infiltrate of foamy macrophages was observed, as typically found in lepromatous leprosy (Fig. 3a); acid‐fast bacilli were found by Fite–Faraco stain. The focal hypomelanosis was confirmed by Masson–Fontana stain (Fig. 3b). Mitsuda's reaction in this patient was negative and slit‐skin smears (cutaneous lesion, earlobes, elbows, and knees) were negative for acid‐fast bacilli. 2 Biopsy of hyperpigmented macule. (a) Focal areas of hypomelanosis and presence of melanophages in the superficial dermis (hematoxylin and eosin stain, ×100). (b) Evident pigmentary incontinence in the superficial dermis (Masson–Fontana stain, ×100) 3 Biopsy of hypopigmented macule. (a) Focal areas of hypomelanosis in the epidermis and dermal infiltrate of foamy macrophages (hematoxylin and eosin stain, ×100). (b) Focal areas of hypomelanosis (Masson–Fontana stain, ×100) The patient was treated with multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy: rifampin, 600 mg once monthly (supervised), clofazimine, 300 mg once monthly (supervised), dapsone, 100 mg daily, and clofazimine, 50 mg daily, all given for 2 years. After 7 months of treatment, the hypopigmented lesions diminished and the hyperpigmented lesions improved after 2 years of treatment and the sensory loss to temperature was restored.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the incidence of malignant disease in leprous patients is the same as that in matched population groups without leprosy [5,7,9). At the beginning of the century it was observed that malignant diseases were very rare in patients with leprosy [6], The basis for this observation is probably the very short life expectancy of leprous patients at that time [5. 7j.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Hodgkin’s Disease in a Patient with Leprosy

Weshler¹,

Leviatan²,

Gordon³

et al. 1978

Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a patient with leprosy who developed Hodgkin’s disease of the nodular sclerosing type. There are two previous reports describing the combination of leprosy and Hodgkin’s disease in a single patient [3, 9]. Hodgkin’s disease was diagnosed 14 months after the complete disappearance of mycobacterium leprae from the skin lesions, under treatment with DDS (diamino-diphenyl-sulfone). Hodgkin’s disease was treated by irradiation and chemotherapy. Obstructive jaundice developed which resolved under treatment by irradiation of the hilar area of the liver, chemotherapy and hormones. During two years of immuno-suppressive therapy, without DDS, no exacerbation of the leprosy occurred.

show abstract

Die Lepra

Cited by 16 publications

References 681 publications

Association of Mycobacterium Leprae with Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro

Association of Mycobacterium Leprae with Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro

Leukomelanodermic leprosy

Development of Hodgkin’s Disease in a Patient with Leprosy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About