Die Illegitimen. Grenz- und Migrationsregime in biopolitischer Perspektive

Abstract

The illegitimate. Border and migration regimes from a bio-political perspectiveAbstract What connects the use of psychiatric assessment in the asylum proceedings of someone seeking refugee status in Germany due to their homosexuality, and proof of DNA test to be provided in the case of a family moving to France, with the wrist bone test for determining the age of underaged refugees in Austria? Against the backdrop of the current events related to migrants and refugees and their hegemonic political commentary and whilst engaging with modern day border and migration regimes, this paper analyses a specific form of state racism in modern democracies as the legacy of a traditionally accepted bio-political strategy. It begins with the external borders of the European Union and their fatal dimension, and attempts to outline the bio-political character that ultimately accepts these deaths. To leave someone to die is seen as the most extreme form of exclusion. Other, connected, forms of exclusion can be found in proceedings and legislation related to asylum and the rights of foreigners. Three case examples on this subject illustrate the intersectionality of discrimination and exclusion processes, and show from the perspective of a biopolitical analysis how the grand practice of differentiating between members of society deemed as legitimate and as illegitimate continues within the European Union.Keywords Centre · Periphery · EU external borders · Migration regimes · Biopower and bio-politics · Gender relations: Neo-racism and biological realism · State of emergency and emergency ordinance · Security rhetoric and need for control · Miniatures of right of residence proceedings in the European Union 1 Einleitung

Kontingenz und Bildung

“…Vielmehr reiht er sich in einen globalen und vor allem von ökonomisch »stärkeren« Ländern des Globalen Nordens ausgehenden Trend der verstärkten Regulation und Kontrolle »illegaler Migration« ein (Pécoud & Guchteneire, 2007, S. 3). Dieser Trend beruht zum einen auf innovativen Strategien der Identifikation »illegaler Migrant*innen« innerhalb der Binnengrenzen eines spezifischen Territoriums -etwa anhand von Praktiken des racial profilings (Belina, 2016) oder der biopolitischen Identifizierung (Ralser, 2016). Zum anderen gründet er auf einem »Projekt der Externalisierung« (Tsianos & Kasparek, 2015, S. 9) und der »Vorverlagerung der Grenze« (ebd., S. 10) mithilfe der Einbeziehung von Herkunfts-und Transitländern zur Eindämmung illegaler Grenzübertritte (Hess & Tsianos, 2007, S.…”