Die Erzeugung von kurzwelligen ungedämpften Schwingungen bei Anwendung des Magnetfeldes

Slutzkin, A. A.; Steinberg, Dave S.

doi:10.1002/andp.19293930504

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The back-heating of the filament (or cathode) in magnetrons was first described in 1929 [25], quoted in [26] and later in 1938 discussed by F. Hülster [26], claiming that this effect is due to ionization in spite of the high vacuum.…”

Section: Magnetrons Up To About 1940mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early magnetron development especially in Germany

Goerth

2010

2010 International Conference on the Origins and Evolution of the Cavity Magnetron

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Magnetic control was a very early form of controlling electrons. The original Braun tube was magnetically controlled, and so was the first telephone relay of Robert von Lieben. Even the first successful attempt to obtain oscillations from a (mercury cathode) tube by Frederick Vreeland in 1908 was equipped with magnetic coils. Descriptions of magnetically controlled tubes were given by several authors [ [ [ [4] ] ] ] , e.g. in 1910 by H. Gerdien of the Siemens Co. and, two years later, a theory of electron motion in a coaxial diode, accompanied by measured results, was given by H. Greinacher. In 1918, A.W. Hull described the use of a coaxial magnetic field with a dynatron, and later he discussed the motion of electrons in a coaxial diode and gave the characteristic of plate current as a function of magnetic field strength [ [ [ [5] ] ] ]. He also proposed an oscillator using feedback via the magnetic coil. In 1924, E. Habann published a paper on the split-anode magnetron], which can be looked at as the first 'real' magnetron oscillator. Presumably, because of the lack of application of very high frequencies at that time, the German literature of the late 1920s seems to have forgotten about the Habann generator. The (at that time) famous books, e.g. of Barkhausen or Strecker, mention for the key-word 'magnetron' the Hull tube, and for highest frequency oscillators the retarding field tube following Barkhausen-Kurz. The work on split-anode magnetrons during the later 1920s was mainly done in Japan by Okabe [22] and in the beginning of the 1930s by Megaw in England [21].Starting about 1933, the interest in high frequency oscillators, and thus in magnetrons too, arose again. The main interest of application, however, lay in the field of high frequency telephone links rather than in the beginning radar developments. A special problem was the modulation of magnetrons. One method was to install a control grid for amplitude modulation. Also discussed was 'Zeitmodulation', that is pulse modulation. But the problems of modulation remained severe: e.g. the commercial telephone link coded 'Rudolf', which first appeared in 1941, was initially equipped with a magnetron, but later redesigned for a triode transmitter [ [ [ [12] ] ] ]. Technological development led, on one hand, to high-power, water-cooled, split-anode magnetrons. On the other hand, there was the attempt to include the high frequency resonant elements into the vacuum vessel. In most cases these were Lecher type wires. The coupling to the outside was either capacitive or the lecher wires were led through the envelope. To the author's knowledge, cavities were used only in Barkhausen type tubes called 'Resotank'. When in 1943 the magnetron type CV 64 was found in a crashed British aircraft, the political restrictions for the development of cm-wave tubes vanished in Germany.

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Section: Magnetrons Up To About 1940mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early magnetron development especially in Germany

Goerth

2010

2010 International Conference on the Origins and Evolution of the Cavity Magnetron

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Untersuchungen an Ultrakurzwellenröhren

Collenbusch¹

1932

Annalen der Physik

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Inhaltsübersicht: Einleitung. ‐ I. Experimenteller Teil: 1. Experimentelle Fragestellungen; 2. Senderanordnung; 3. Schaltung und verwendete Apparate; 4. Meßanordnung zur Bestimmung der Schwingleistung; 5. Meßanordnung zur Bestimmung der Wellenlänge; 6. Untersuchte Röhren; 7. Die auftretenden Wellen, ihre Polarisation und Energieverteilung; 8. Messungen an Röhren mit Lecherdrahtschwingungen: a) Orientierende Messungen; b) Messungen mit der Röhre Nr. 241; c) Versuche mit Röhren Nr. 240, 249; 9. Messungen an Röhren mit Spiralenschwingungen; 10. Weitere Messungen an Röhren mit Spiralenschwingungen; 11. Weitere Messungen über den Einfluß der Glühelektronenemission; 12. Versuche mit Glühkathoden im Gitteranodenraum; 13. Schwingungserzeugung mit Zweielektrodenröhren im homogenen Magnetfeld: Einleitung; a) Senderanordnung; b) Ergebnisse orientierender Messungen; c) Messungen an der Röhre Nr. 221. ‐ II. Zusammenfassende und theoretische Betrachtungen: 1. Die zur Erregung kommenden Schwinggebilde; 2. Die für die Schwingungserzeugung charakteristischen Befunde: a) Der auftretende Anodenstrom; b) Errechnete Laufzeiten und Schwingungsdauern; 3. Die auftretenden Wellenlängenänderungen durch die Betriebsdaten: a) Die Abhängigkeit von der Emission; b) Die Abhängigkeit von den Spannungen; 4. Die Schwingungen im Magnetfeld. ‐ Zusammenfassung und Schluß.

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Über Mikrowellen als Raumladeoberschwingungen. II

Müller

1935

Annalen der Physik

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Die Erzeugung von kurzwelligen ungedämpften Schwingungen bei Anwendung des Magnetfeldes

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Early magnetron development especially in Germany

Early magnetron development especially in Germany

Untersuchungen an Ultrakurzwellenröhren

Über Mikrowellen als Raumladeoberschwingungen. II

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