Die Erfassung des Depersonalisations-Derealisations-Syndroms mit der deutschen Version der Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS)

Michal, Matthias; Sann, Uli; Niebecker, Markus; Lazanowsky, Claudia; Kernhof, Karin; Aurich, Stephanie; Overbeck, Gerd; Sierra, Mauricio; Berríos, Germán E.

doi:10.1055/s-2004-828296

Cited by 72 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The mean HGSHS-A score was 9.2 (SD 1.0, range 8–10). All subjects gave informed consent and were in normal ranges of the Symptom Checklist 90-R [31] and Cambridge Depersonalization Scale [32]. Standard exclusion criteria for fMRI research were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Response in Depersonalization: A Functional Imaging Study Using Hypnosis in Healthy Subjects

Röder

Michal

Overbeck

et al. 2007

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Depersonalization (DP) is characterized by persistent or recurrent episodes of detachment from one’s self with reduced pain perception being a common feature. Alterations in the body schema similar to the cortico-limbic disconnection syndrome of pain asymbolia are suggested to be responsible for DP. In this study we used hypnosis to induce DP in healthy subjects and to examine neural patterns of pain perception in the state of DP by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Pain perception was investigated in 7 healthy subjects with high susceptibility to hypnosis in three different mental states: waking state (N-W), hypnotic relaxation (H-R) and hypnotic DP (H-DP). Pain was induced with electrical stimulation to the median nerve at the right wrist. fMRI measurements were performed during all states. Results: Nociceptive stimuli led to an activation of the well described pain network including somatosensory and insular regions and the cerebellum. Activation was markedly reduced in the contralateral somatosensory cortex, parietal cortex (Brodmann area 40, BA40), prefrontal cortex (BA9), putamen and the ipsilateral amygdala during H-DP. Subjects also reported a significant decrease in pain intensity from N-W to H-DP. Conclusion: Pain response during H-DP was reduced in sensory and affective pain-related areas, reflecting the diminished intensity of the perceived pain. Moreover, a network of cortical and subcortical areas that have been implicated in the perception of the own body was less responsive during DP, which might point to a specific neural mechanism underlying the ‘out-of-body’ experience. Although the small number of subjects does not allow a generalization of our findings, H-DP seems to be a promising tool for the investigation of psychological and biological mechanisms of self-inflicted injuries as well as the mind-body interplay within the realm of psychosomatic disorders.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Response in Depersonalization: A Functional Imaging Study Using Hypnosis in Healthy Subjects

Röder

Michal

Overbeck

et al. 2007

Psychother Psychosom

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“…The moderate and severe degrees are of clinical signifi cance. Following the logic of ICD-10, where DP and DR belong together, we combined the SCID-D ratings for DP and DR as we have done in other studies [2,27,28] . Crucial for the combined score was the highest level of severity for DP and/or DR during the last month.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These 28 PC were controlled for age, sex, educational level, General Severity Index (GSI) of the Symptom Check List (SCL)-90-R, and comorbidity with a personality disorder. To avoid confounding effects of general symptom severity, we also controlled the subjects for the GSI, because it is well known that pathological DP-DR is strongly correlated with a higher distress rating [27][28][29] .…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Narcissistic Regulation of the Self and Interpersonal Problems in Depersonalized Patients

Michal

Kaufhold²,

Overbeck³

et al. 2006

Psychopathology

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Background: Psychoanalytical theories coincide in understanding depersonalization (DP) as a disorder of narcissistic self-regulation. DP is described as an ego defense against overwhelming shame resulting in a splitting of an observing ego detached from the experiencing self. In contrast to a behavioral-cognitive theory on DP, which suggests that the catastrophic appraisal of normal transient DP maintains the disorder, psychodynamic approaches stress that DP is an important defensive function for the individual. We examine this psychodynamic aspect more closely as it relates to narcissistic self-regulation and interpersonal behavior in depersonalized patients. Sampling and Methods: Thirty-five patients with pathological DP are compared with 28 patient controls concerning their narcissistic self-regulation and interpersonal behavior. For the assessment, we used the German Narcissism Inventory and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. The two groups were controlled for sociodemographic data, comorbidity with a personality disorder, and the General Severity Index of the Symptom Check List-90-R. Results: Bonferroni-corrected group comparison showed that the depersonalized patients are characterized by perceiving themselves as helpless, hopeless, socially isolated and worthless, perceiving others as bad and disappointing, and that they avoid interpersonal relations and reality significantly more than other patients with equal symptom severity. Conclusions: Treatment approaches on DP should take the issue of low self-esteem, pervasive shame and the related defensive social avoidance into account. Further empirical research on psychodynamic concepts of DP is warranted also for the sake of linking modern neurobiological findings with clinical experience.

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“…Mittlerweile ist auch die verkürzte Screeningversion, der FDS-20, publiziert . Ein spezifischeres Instrument zur Erfassung von DP/DR ist die Cambridge Depersonalization Scale [CDS; Sierra und Berrios, 2000;Michal et al, 2004b]. Die deutsche Version der CDS steht gratis im Testarchiv des Zentrums für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation (www.zpid.de/) zur Verfügung.…”

Section: Diagnostik Von Dp/drunclassified

Depersonalisation und Derealisation: Grundlagen und kognitiv-behaviorale Perspektive

2006

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Depersonalisation (DP) and derealisation (DR) are dissociative disorders characterised by subjective experiences of unreality in either one’s sense of self (DP) or the outside world (DR). Although both disorders are described in DSM-IV as well as ICD-10, there are few cognitive-behavioural approaches and DP and DR are rarely diagnosed in routine practice. This review presents DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria for DP and DR. Epidemiological studies pertaining to prevalence, differential diagnosis and comorbidity are reviewed, and empirically validated instruments to assess DP/DR are introduced. The cognitive- behavioural conceptualisation of Hunter et al. [2003] is presented as well as the model developed by Fiedler [1999]. The review closes with an overview of the treatment of DP/DR and further perspectives.

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Die Erfassung des Depersonalisations-Derealisations-Syndroms mit der deutschen Version der Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS)

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Pain Response in Depersonalization: A Functional Imaging Study Using Hypnosis in Healthy Subjects

Pain Response in Depersonalization: A Functional Imaging Study Using Hypnosis in Healthy Subjects

Narcissistic Regulation of the Self and Interpersonal Problems in Depersonalized Patients

Depersonalisation und Derealisation: Grundlagen und kognitiv-behaviorale Perspektive

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