“…37 When addressing these transitional zones in an essay on the cartographic history of 'city landscape' Passarge's colleague, the geographer Max Eckert, combined horizontal and vertical representations. 38 Vertical representations were considered particularly helpful to understand the modern 'city landscape', and the 'city as landscape', as demonstrated by a variety of contemporary photo atlases and book publications that were lavishly illustrated with aerial photographs of urban centers. Geographers and architects began exploring the relationship between civilization and community as manifested in urban form, and the surrounding land forms.…”