Die Chemie der Blutgerinnung

Morawitz, P.

doi:10.1007/bf02321003

Cited by 216 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…While glass has been thought to activate platelets (2), recent studies have mostly been concerned with the effect of glass on plasma clotting factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies on the Clot-Promoting Activity of Glass

Shafrir¹,

Vries²

1956

J. Clin. Invest.

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Although the clot-promoting activity of foreign surfaces has been the subject of many studies during almost a century (1) its nature is not yet understood. While glass has been thought to activate platelets (2), recent studies have mostly been concerned with the effect of glass on plasma clotting factors.Quick maintained that contact with glass activates the precursor of prothrombin, prothrombinogen (3) as well as the precursor of plasma thromboplastin, possibly antihemophilic factor A (4). Conley and his associates (5-8) have reported that contact with glass markedly shortens the clotting time of silicone prepared "platelet free" plasma and increases its prothrombin utilization. They concluded that glass activates "plasma thromboplastin," a constituent residing in the globulin fraction. Biggs, Douglas, and Macfarlane (9) stated that the increased clotting activity developed in plasma by contact with glass is probably due to a change in Christmas Factor (PTC, antihemophilic factor B). Alexander, de Vries, and Goldstein (10) observed that contact with glass during clotting of blood favors the evolution of SPCA (convertin, Factor VII). Rapaport, Aas, and Owren (11) showed that exposure to glass markedly increases the activity of proconvertin as well as of PTC. Other communications (12, 13) attributed the clot-promoting activity of glass to removal of lipid or protein inhibitors of the first phase of coagulation, i.e., the evolution of thromboplastic activity.In the present study it is shown that a plasma clotting factor other than those mentioned above may be activated by contact with glass. MATERIALS AND METHODSCollection of blood. Human venous blood was collected by the two-syringe method using silicone coated needles and glassware.

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“…While glass has been thought to activate platelets (2), recent studies have mostly been concerned with the effect of glass on plasma clotting factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Clot-Promoting Activity of Glass

Shafrir¹,

Vries²

1956

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…." Since the original observations of Lister, many subsequent investigators have studied this phenomenon (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

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Surface as a Quantitative Factor in Prothrombin Utilization1

Dick¹,

Jackson²,

Conley³

1954

J. Clin. Invest.

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The accelerating effect of foreign surfaces on coagulation of whole blood has been recognized for many years. In 1863, Lister (1) was aware of the great influence exerted upon the blood by exposure for a very short time to a foreign solid . . . ," and concluded, "The real cause of the coagulation of the blood, when shed from the body, is the influence exerted upon it by ordinary matter. . . ." Since the original observations of Lister, many subsequent investigators have studied this phenomenon (2-15).In the experiments to be described, the rate of prothrombin utilization was employed as a measure of the effect of foreign surface on the blood coagulation mechanism. Blood and plasma from normal human subjects and from patients with hemophilia and thrombocytopenia were exposed to differing glass surface areas, and prothrombin utilization was measured. METHODSMethods of obtaining and handling blood: Approximately 60 ml. of blood were drawn from the antecubital vein of human subjects using sterile, non-silicone treated 18 gauge needles and silicone 4 treated syringes lubricated with silicone oil.5 In order to expose this blood to various areas of foreign surface, 2.0 ml. portions of the blood were measured in duplicate directly from the syringe into 13 x 100 mm. test tubes which had been prepared in different ways. Some tubes were silicone-treated, others were plain glass (i.e., chemically clean, dry, "Pyrex"

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“…According to the classical theory of blood coagulation, platelets are the most important source of the thromboplastic substance necessary to convert prothrombin to thrombin (1). On the other hand Lenggenhager (2,3) believes that platelets play no part in the initiation of coagulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of our studies was to determine the clotting behavior of human platelet-free plasma 1 General Electric Dri-Film 9987.…”

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confidence: 99%