Die Beschleunigte Entwicklung Der Jugend

Malnutrition and Fertility

“…Both explanations are consistent with the present understanding of the determinants of lactational amenorrhea (1,5,8) and are more plausible than Frisch's suggestion about the minimum weight required for the onset of postpartum ovulation (14). In fact, we have shown that maternal weights decline throughout postpartum amenorrhea (15).…”

“…These data, therefore, indicate a secular trend of age of menopause similar to fhe secular trend in age of menarche of 3 or 4 months per decade (9,15). It has also been reported that fat women have a later age of menopause than do slender women (16), and plump girls have an earlier age of menarche (10,16).…”

Uncertainties in designation of age at menarche in the nineteenth century: revised mean for Denmark, 1835

“…This is exactly one year later than the figure given by Hannover (1865) indeed rejected Tilt's figure, asserting that TiR's frequency distribution was systematicaily too high by one year. Backman (1948), on the other hand, disagreed with Hannover and thought that Tilt had the correct distribution.…”

“…The question of age designation in Ravn's material has puzzled several authors, for example, Fenger himself (1850), Hannover (1865), and much later Backman (1948). According to Fenger, the confusion had started already when Ravn was interpreting the individual recordings of menarcheal age made by the various doctors.…”

A critical notice of Brown on "the age at menarche".

“…This suggestion is quite unjustified. I can assure your readers that before choosing the 43 J. M. TANNER most reliable body of data I could find I read Backman's (1948) review with care and consulted every one of the several hundred references cited that I could find. Many of the data Backman refers to are statistically very poor and some reports include previous series.…”