Die Arterien

Benninghoff, A.; Hartmann, A.; Hellman, T.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-47857-4_3

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In contrast, the tunica media has a low elastin content and shows a morphological structure typical for muscular arteries. Generally, elastic type arteries rather regulate the tone, while the tunica media of muscular arteries preferentially modulates the diameter of the vessel and, hence, its resistance (Benninghoff 1930). Thus, umbilical cord arteries probably perform both functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-eclampsia associated alterations of the elastic fibre system in umbilical cord vessels

Junek¹,

Baum²,

Läuter

et al. 2000

Anatomy and Embryology

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Although pre-eclampsia (PE) is often associated with fetal hypoxia, hypertension and/or disturbed function of the fetal circulation, the effect of these altered hemodynamic parameters on the structure and composition of umbilical vessels has not been systematically investigated before. Therefore, this study focuses on PE-associated changes of the elastic fibre system in umbilical cord vessels investigated by light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry and biochemistry. In umbilical cord veins, no changes in thickness of the vessel wall or of any sublayer were observed. However, the internal elastic lamina of the veins was split in 80% of the PE-group in contrast to 20% in uncomplicated pregnancies. This effect was significant (alpha <0.01) from 36 weeks of gestation onwards. In umbilical cord arteries, the entire arterial vessel wall was found to be 15% thicker in PE than in uncomplicated pregnancies. The enlargement was caused by an increase of both the tunica intima and tunica media. The thickening of the tunica intima was attributed to a migration of smooth muscle cells towards the endothelium, accompanied by a splitting of the internal elastic lamina. Compared to uncomplicated pregnancies, smooth muscle cells of arteries and veins in PE showed a metabolic activation demonstrated by highly dilated endoplasmic reticulum. A semiquantitative score method as well as a quantitative dot blot assay indicated a PE-associated reduction of elastin expression in the arterial vessel walls. In summary, PE obviously induces a decrease of the elastin content accompanied by a thickening of the vessel wall in umbilical cord arteries. This remodeling of the elastic fibre system, together with an increased migration of smooth muscle cells, might represent part of the functional adaptation system of the umbilical cord arteries on the altered hemodynamic conditions in PE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-eclampsia associated alterations of the elastic fibre system in umbilical cord vessels

Junek¹,

Baum²,

Läuter

et al. 2000

Anatomy and Embryology

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“…As the spirals with a higher pitch cross those with a lower pitch, a twisted structure is formed which is called 'Torsionsstruktur' [2] or 'herringbone pattern' [7], This structure gives mechanical stability to the artery and enables to level between forces of alternating blood pressures which expand the artery wall longitudinally and laterally [8. 9, 16, 19, 23, 24], According to Wolinsky and Glagov [25], the la mellar unit of the aortic media results in viscoelastic pro perties that account for many of the static and dynamic forces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation of Cultured Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Growing on Cyclically Stretched Substrates

Dartsch

Hämmerle

Betz³

1986

Cells Tissues Organs

111

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Arterial smooth muscle cells from rabbit aortic media were grown in first subcultures on hydrophilized and collagen-coated silicone membranes which were then subjected to directional cyclic stretches and relaxations at a frequency of 50 times/min. The membranes were stretched 2, 5 and 10% beyond their resting length. Cells on unstretched and stationary membranes in the same chamber served as controls. The cells which were stretched with an amplitude of 2% remained in random orientation after 14 days of continuously performed cyclic stretching. The cells which were stretched 5% for 12 days orientated at an angle of 61 ± 9° to the direction of stretching, while the cells which were stretched with an amplitude of 10% for 6 days orientated at an angle of 76 ± 5°. The cells on the stationary and unstretched membranes remained in random orientation. We were able to confirm that the angle of orientation is reversible, i.e. preorientated cells changed their orientation during application of another stretching amplitude. The results suggest that stretching of the artery wall by blood pulsation may be a factor influencing the orientation of smooth muscle cells within the media of the artery wall and of those smooth muscle cells which proliferate into the subendothelial space after mechanical injury of the endothelium or electrical stimulation of the artery wall. An apparatus is presented which produces cyclic and directional mechanical stimuli similar to those which may occur in the artery wall.

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Irreducible folds in the internal elastic lamina of the renal arteries

Heard

1950

J. Pathol.

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Die Arterien

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Pre-eclampsia associated alterations of the elastic fibre system in umbilical cord vessels

Pre-eclampsia associated alterations of the elastic fibre system in umbilical cord vessels

Orientation of Cultured Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Growing on Cyclically Stretched Substrates

Irreducible folds in the internal elastic lamina of the renal arteries

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