Didelphis albiventris as a carrier of Leptospira sp. in the central nervous tissue in the semiarid region of Northeast, Brazil

Fernandes, Juciê Jales; Peixoto, Aline de Lima; Farias, Alick Sulliman Santos de; Pinheiro, Tiago Junior; Costa, Diego Figueiredo da; Silva, Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues; Júnior, João Pessoa Araújo; Malossi, Camila Dantas; Ullmann, Leila Sabrina; Azevêdo, Sérgio Santos de; Alves, Clebert José; Higino, Severino Silvano dos Santos

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101560

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The unfavorable climatic conditions (average rainfall and temperature of 0.47 mm and 29.28 °C, respectively, in the dry season) and a significant proportion of seroreactive cows—mainly for the Sejroe serogroup—provide evidence of intraspecies transmission, because cattle are deemed its natural hosts [ 30 ]. Tarassovi is one of the main serogroups found in bovine species [ 9 ], for which there have been few reports in Brazil [ 31 ]; however, it has been found in pigs [ 32 ] and “teiús” ( Tupinambis merianae ) [ 33 ] from the semiarid region. The Australis serogroup has pigs as reservoirs, but there are alternative wildlife hosts [ 30 ]; for example, equines act as their maintenance hosts in semiarid Brazil [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Transplacental Infection in Leptospira spp. Epidemiology in Cattle in Caatinga Biome, Brazil

da Costa Barnabé,

Soares,

Barros

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that affects domestic animals, wild animals, and humans. It represents a public health problem and has an important economic impact on livestock. This study aims to investigate the importance of genital and transplacental infection in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in cows maintained in Caatinga biome conditions, Northeastern Brazil, as well as reporting organs colonized by Leptospira spp. in embryos and fetuses. Blood, urinary tract (urine, bladder, and kidney), and reproductive tract (vaginal fluid, uterus, uterine tube, ovary, and placenta) samples were collected from 15 slaughtered pregnant cows. Two embryos and 13 fetuses were sampled. Central nervous system and choroid ovoid samples were collected from embryos. Blood, central nervous system, lung, peritoneal liquid, abomasal content, liver, spleen, urine, bladder, kidney, and reproductive system samples were collected from fetuses. Diagnostic methods included the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using a collection of 24 serovars belonging to 17 different pathogenic serogroups of five species as antigens, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies were found in 9 cows (60%), while 13 cows (86.67%) had at least one organ or urine with leptospiral DNA. No fetus was seroreactive. Among the embryos and fetuses, 13 (86.67%) presented leptospiral DNA, proving a high frequency of transplacental infection (100%). For cows, the most frequent biological materials regarding Leptospira spp. DNA detection were placenta (13 out of 15 samples; 86.7%), uterus (10 out of 15 samples; 66.7%), and vaginal fluid (5 out of 15 samples; 33.3%), while, for fetuses/embryos, the most frequent PCR-positive samples were choroid ovoid (1/2; 50%), spleen (6/13; 46.2%), kidney (5/13; 38.5%), and central nervous system (5/15; 33.3%). Sequenced samples based on the LipL32 gene presented 99% similarity with L. borgpetersenii. The results indicate that transplacental infection is an efficient way of spreading Leptospira spp. in cows maintained in Caatinga biome conditions. Therefore, prevention and control strategies must include actions that interrupt transmission through this alternative route.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Transplacental Infection in Leptospira spp. Epidemiology in Cattle in Caatinga Biome, Brazil

da Costa Barnabé,

Soares,

Barros

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…In cattle, this disease is more associated with subfertility and early embryonic death when the serovars is host-adapted, such as serovar Hardjo [ 6 ]. Studies conducted in the semiarid region of Brazil have suggested that both domestic [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] and wild animals [ 13 , 14 ] present high frequencies of Leptospira spp. This occurs despite the hot and dry climate conditions of this region, which are adverse to the survival of this bacterium in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Leptospirosis in Caatinga Biome, Brazil: New Insights into Diagnosis and Epidemiology

et al. 2023

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Bovine leptospirosis causes economic losses and raises public health concerns. It is possible that there are peculiarities in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in regions with a semiarid climate, such as the Caatinga biome in Brazil, where the climate is hot and dry, and the etiological agent require alternative routes of transmission. This study aimed to close knowledge gaps to the diagnosis and epidemiology of Leptospira spp. infection in cows from the Caatinga biome, Brazil. Samples of the blood, urinary tract (urine, bladder and kidney) and reproductive tract (vaginal fluid, uterus, uterine tube, ovary and placenta) were collected from 42 slaughtered cows. Diagnostic tests included were the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial isolation. Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies were found in 27 (64.3%) of the animals analyzed using MAT at a 1:50 dilution (cut-off 50), while 31 (73.8%) animals had at least one organ/fluid where the presence of Leptospira spp. DNA was identified, and 29 animals (69%) were positive at bacteriological culture. The highest sensitivity values for MAT were obtained at the cut-off point of 50. In conclusion, even under hot and dry climate conditions, it is possible that Leptospira spp. can spread through alternative routes such as venereal transmission; moreover, a cut-off of 50 is recommended for the serological diagnosis of cattle from the Caatinga biome.

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Leptospira borgptersenii and Leptospira interrogans identified in wild mammals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Ulsenheimer,

Tonin,

von Laer

et al. 2024

Braz J Microbiol

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Didelphis albiventris as a carrier of Leptospira sp. in the central nervous tissue in the semiarid region of Northeast, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

The Role of Transplacental Infection in Leptospira spp. Epidemiology in Cattle in Caatinga Biome, Brazil

The Role of Transplacental Infection in Leptospira spp. Epidemiology in Cattle in Caatinga Biome, Brazil

Bovine Leptospirosis in Caatinga Biome, Brazil: New Insights into Diagnosis and Epidemiology

Leptospira borgptersenii and Leptospira interrogans identified in wild mammals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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