Did the pandemic spread populism? comparative study on the transformations of citizen movements in Chile and Hong Kong

Moreno, Juan Enrique Serrano; Solano, Susana

doi:10.1080/14742837.2023.2178405

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Later, the Anti-ELAB movement was interrupted by the covid 19 pandemic and the lockdown initiated on January 2020. With the end of street politics, the movement continued to act online, and the most prominent pro-democracy leaders started to leave the region to avoid being persecuted and concentrated their efforts on lobbying Western governments (Serrano-Moreno and Osorio, 2023). The adoption of the National Security Law on 30 June 2020 deepened this tendance with the dissolution of most of the pro-democracy political Juan E. Serrano Moreno Ordinary citizens and political crises: The Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Movement (2019.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In early 2020, the protests decreased drastically because of the covid 19 pandemic social distance measures and on 30 June, the central government adopted the Law on Safeguarding National Security in Hong Kong, which created new criminal offences such as rebellion or secession and allowed Chinese officials to work in the autonomous region for the first time (Serrano-Moreno, 2022). Since then, many citizens and political leaders have fled the country, deleted their social media profiles, and dissolved political organisations (Serrano-Moreno and Osorio, 2023). This law represents, so far, an efficient deterrence for contentious politics.…”

Section: Political Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, its political system was affected by a democratic deficit that facilitated the progressive hatching of a political crisis that reached a climax in 2019. This scenario partially explains how the mobilisations that started with the opposition to a concrete government measure -the extradition bill-turned rapidly into a large-scale anti-authoritarian and pro-democratic mobilisation with revolutionary overtones (Lee et al, 2019;Lo et al, 2021;Serrano-Moreno and Osorio, 2023). Therefore, The Anti-ELAB case represents a massive politicisation in the context of growing authoritarianism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ordinary citizens and political crises: The Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Movement (2019-2020)

Serrano Moreno

2023

REI

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This study focuses on the actions and perceptions of individuals who participated in the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill (Anti-ELAB) movement in Hong Kong initiated in April 2019 and interrupted by the covid 19 pandemic and the adoption of the National Security Law in June 2020. Based on semi-structured interviews, the article explains how ordinary citizens and first-time activists helped shape a political crisis and how it changed their political perceptions. The study adopts a theoretical perspective inspired by studies of collective action in contexts of political crises, placing the individual at the centre of the analysis and adopting a situational and processual approach. The findings show that the actors perceived themselves as protagonists of historical events produced by the authoritarian turn of the Hong Kong political system thanks to the appropriation of new identities, the radicalisation of their liberal values and the mobilisation of their previous skills and resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Political Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ordinary citizens and political crises: The Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Movement (2019-2020)

Serrano Moreno

2023

REI

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“…For Hong Kong, it entailed the handover, return or reunification with China under the “one country, two systems” framework after a century of British colonial rule (Serrano-Moreno, 2021a). Although both transitions resulted from peaceful agreements among political elites, they lacked instances of reconnection or reconciliation among the population (Serrano-Moreno and Osorio-Solano, 2023). Consequently, their political past emerges as a taboo or social trauma upon which political discourses and symbols are articulated in the present.…”

Section: From Cultural Differences To Contextual Coincidencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What lies behind the people? An approach to the 2019 mobilizations in Hong Kong and Chile through sociological discourse analysis

Solano

Moreno

2023

AEDS

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PurposeThis study analyzes how the notion of the people emerged in two (neo)liberal societies during the crisis in 2019: Hong Kong and Chile.Design/methodology/approachFrom a qualitative and comparative perspective, 131 middle-class individuals were interviewed during heightened contentious activity in Hong Kong and Chile. The interviews were analyzed based on Ruiz's model for sociological discourse analysis.FindingsThe study shows that in contexts strongly influenced by liberalism, the notion of “people” is not advertised antagonistically against the individual but as complementary, and to this end, it emphasizes the heterogeneity of repertoires or demands. The comparison of these two movements highlighted the importance of democratic institutions in shaping the outcomes and effectiveness of protests.Research limitations/implicationsEnacting the National Security Law in Hong Kong and the mandatory blockade imposed by both governments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic required an adaptation in the design and execution of the interviews, adopting a hybrid format. The volatility that characterizes periods of political crisis requires longitudinal follow-up. This article does not capture but can be explored in associated research publications.Originality/valueThe research offers two significant contributions: it addresses the immediate context by conducting on-site research during the most significant contemporary crises in Hong Kong and Chile. Secondly, it problematizes the understanding of the people in liberal societies and proposes it as a complementary (and not antagonistic) concept to that of the individual.

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“…The 2019 social outburst has been interpreted as an anti-elite manifestation largely explained by protesters’ frustration and anger at a system that was perceived to benefit only a small subset of the Chilean population [ 31 , 32 ]. Party identification has experienced a drastic decline in Chile in recent years [ 33 ] and citizens show a high animosity toward traditional parties [ 34 ].…”

Section: Context: Protests and Elections In Chilementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-elite attitudes and support for independent candidates

Argote,

Visconti

2023

PLoS ONE

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The ideological dispute between left and right has dominated the political discussion for decades in multiple countries across the globe. However, in recent years people vs. elite debates have replaced traditional ideological conflicts in explaining voters’ electoral decisions. In this paper, we investigate whether anti-elite attitudes contribute to a key political outcome: the increase in successful independent candidates. We implement a conjoint experiment in Chile, where anti-elite sentiments and the number of successful independent politicians are currently prominent. We find that preferences for independent candidates largely increase among voters with anti-elite orientations. In a context where traditional parties face difficult times, such beliefs are key to understanding the factors behind support for candidates with no party affiliation. This insight is important because electing independent politicians can promote a personalistic style of politics, undermine democratic accountability, and foster conflict between the executive and legislative branches.

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Did the pandemic spread populism? comparative study on the transformations of citizen movements in Chile and Hong Kong

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Ordinary citizens and political crises: The Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Movement (2019-2020)

Ordinary citizens and political crises: The Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Movement (2019-2020)

What lies behind the people? An approach to the 2019 mobilizations in Hong Kong and Chile through sociological discourse analysis

Anti-elite attitudes and support for independent candidates

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