“…Candidate photos-if present in the news-were coded on their facial expressions and body languages with positive, negative or neutral categories. Given that not all facial expressions and body languages can be globally valid (Caradec, 2018), in effect, some can be culturally determined; the research team coded a subset of photos together and documented the rules of photo coding, which were discussed and updated throughout the coding process. Two college students in Taiwan were trained thoroughly, coded 10% of the news stories and demonstrated satisfactory intercoder reliability level (i.e., each of the coding items exceeds .80 of Krippendorff's alpha) before they independently coded the rest of the stories.…”