Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane determination in air by thermal desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Martin, Nicholas J.; Smith, Philip A.; Brown, Carlis W; Achee, Nicole L.; DeLong, Gerald T.

doi:10.1002/ps.3313

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…5B peak 2), and the DDT isomer 2, 4′ DDT (Fig. 5B peak 3) based on elution order and corresponding full scan mass spectra [20]. The mean indoor air temperature measured in each hut (Table 1) did not show a statistically significant difference between huts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Relative standard deviations were 49.7, 26.0, 18.8, 15.1 and 24.3 for the 5 ng, 10 ng, 20 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng calibration points, respectively. Method performance in the field did not match that performance obtained in the laboratory with respect to linearity, precision, and sensitivity [20]. To account for this, the variance DDT Predicted was calculated for 10 and 50 ng loading values [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, these methods rely on solvent extraction to remove compounds of interest from the sample media prior to analysis, reducing the method sensitivity and increasing the analytical method complexity. The TD GC-MS method developed previously [20] and described in detail in this report addresses the limitations of the standard methods with respect to sampling duration with a simplified sample introduction method. All sample preparation was eliminated with the TD GC-MS method as metal tubes packed with sampling media were inserted directly into the TD unit following sampling collection reducing method complexity and analysis time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A TD GC-MS method, previously developed in our lab [20], was used for near real-time analysis of laboratory and field samples. For field analyses, the TD GC-MS instrument and supporting equipment items were shipped to Bangkok, Thailand and later transported to the experimental hut site of Pu Tuey Village.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we report on a thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method, previously developed in our laboratory [20], to determine the concentrations of airborne DDT in samples of air collected from laboratory and field mosquito behavior assay systems. Specific objectives of this study included: 1) validating a difference in airborne DDT concentrations from spaces with and without DDT treatment and 2) describing the role of the TD GC-MS method to measure concentrations of airborne AI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Airborne Concentrations of Spatial Repellent Chemicals in Mosquito Behavior Assay Systems

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMosquito behavior assays have been used to evaluate the efficacy of vector control interventions to include spatial repellents (SR). Current analytical methods are not optimized to determine short duration concentrations of SR active ingredients (AI) in air spaces during entomological evaluations. The aim of this study was to expand on our previous research to further validate a novel air sampling method to detect and quantitate airborne concentrations of a SR under laboratory and field conditions.Methodology/Principal FindingsA thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was used to determine the amount of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in samples of air. During laboratory experiments, 1 L volumes of air were collected over 10 min intervals from a three-chamber mosquito behavior assay system. Significantly higher levels of airborne DDT were measured in the chamber containing textiles treated with DDT compared to chambers free of AI. In the field, 57 samples of air were collected from experimental huts with and without DDT for onsite analysis. Airborne DDT was detected in samples collected from treated huts. The mean DDT air concentrations in these two huts over a period of four days with variable ambient temperature were 0.74 µg/m3 (n = 17; SD = 0.45) and 1.42 µg/m3 (n = 30; SD = 0.96).Conclusions/SignificanceThe results from laboratory experiments confirmed that significantly different DDT exposure conditions existed in the three-chamber system establishing a chemical gradient to evaluate mosquito deterrency. The TD GC-MS method addresses a need to measure short-term (<1 h) SR concentrations in small volume (<100 L) samples of air and should be considered for standard evaluation of airborne AI levels in mosquito behavior assay systems. Future studies include the use of TD GC-MS to measure other semi-volatile vector control compounds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Airborne Concentrations of Spatial Repellent Chemicals in Mosquito Behavior Assay Systems

et al. 2013

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DDT and Metabolites

Mirmigkou

Boer

2015

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a well-known insecticide that was introduced and widely used during World War II. In total more than 4.5 million tonnes DDT have been produced. Although its use and production stopped worldwide during the 1970s, it was reintroduced in the 2000s as a malaria vector control by the World Health Organization (WHO). DDT is toxic to animals and humans. Its main characteristics are its persistence, lipophilicity, and bioaccumulative potential. DDT and its metabolites are normally determined in organisms, sediments, or soil by gas chromatography combined with either electron capture detection or, preferably, mass spectrometry. Many interlaboratory studies have been carried out on the analysis of DDT and its metabolites, and certified reference materials are now available. DDT and its metabolites have been found in air, water, sediment, and biota from all over the world. As a consequence of global fractionation and cold condensation, DDT and its metabolites accumulate in the Arctic. Since the reintroduction of DDT against malaria in Africa in 2005, monitoring of DDT compounds is again highly relevant to detect changes in environmental levels of DDT. Such monitoring is particularly needed in Africa. The first indications show an increase of DDT in humans and wildlife.

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Optimization of two-stage thermal desorption combined with pentafluorophenyl hydrazine derivatization-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analytical method of atmospheric carbonyl compounds

Peng,

Feng,

Feng

et al. 2024

Microchemical Journal

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Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane determination in air by thermal desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Determining Airborne Concentrations of Spatial Repellent Chemicals in Mosquito Behavior Assay Systems

Determining Airborne Concentrations of Spatial Repellent Chemicals in Mosquito Behavior Assay Systems

DDT and Metabolites

Optimization of two-stage thermal desorption combined with pentafluorophenyl hydrazine derivatization-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analytical method of atmospheric carbonyl compounds

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