Pillar[
n
]arenes are macrocyclic compounds composed of 1,4‐dialkoxybenzene units lined in the para‐position. Pillar[
n
]arenes are host molecules of interest not only to supramolecular chemists but also for those working in other fields of chemistry. Compared to other host molecules, their main advantages are facile synthesis, characteristic pillar‐shaped structure, versatile functionality, and unique host–guest properties. In this article, we review these fundamental properties of pillar[
n
]arenes. Their applications such as mechanically interlocked molecules, artificial channels, supramolecular gel materials, porous materials for gas and organic vapor adsorption, surface modification, and supramolecular catalysts are also described.