Dibenzo heterocyclic-terminated spiro-type hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

Liang, Yongpeng; Chen, Jianlin; Zhang, Xianfu; Han, Mingyuan; Ghadari, Rahim; Wu, Nan; Wang, Ying; Zhou, Ying; Liu, Xuepeng; Dai, Songyuan

doi:10.1039/d2tc02564g

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The value of hole mobility of spiro-carbazole calculated with the Mott-Gurney equation according to the current J-V curves in Figure S8 is around 6.48 × 10 À 3 cm 2 V À 1 s À 1 , which is slightly higher than that of spiro-OMeTAD (2.87 × 10 À 3 cm 2 V À 1 s À 1 ). [51] This result shows that spiro-carbazole has better hole mobility that could conduct holes effectively, which confirms the higher J sc of spirocarbazole-containing devices. Finally, the synthesis cost of spiro-carbazole is estimated (Tables S7 and S8), which is around 65 $ g À 1 .…”

Section: Chemsuschemsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Moreover, to evaluate the hole mobility of HTMs with dopants, the space charge limited current (SCLC) method was used with the hole‐only structure of FTO/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/HTM/Au under dark condition. The value of hole mobility of spiro‐carbazole calculated with the Mott–Gurney equation according to the current J – V curves in Figure S8 is around 6.48×10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , which is slightly higher than that of spiro‐OMeTAD (2.87×10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ) [51] . This result shows that spiro‐carbazole has better hole mobility that could conduct holes effectively, which confirms the higher J sc of spiro‐carbazole‐containing devices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The used instrumentations and PSCs were fabricated mainly according to our previous reports, [51] which is also illustrated in the Supporting Information. In particular, the optimal concentration for spiro‐carbazole was 30 mg mL −1 ; 11.8 μL of 4‐tert‐butylpyridine (tBP), 7.2 μL of Li‐TFSI solution, and 1.8 μL of Tris(2‐(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐4‐tert‐butylpyridine)‐cobalt(III) (FK‐209) solution were added to the spiro‐carbazole solution in chlorobenzene, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A N‐Ethylcarbazole‐Terminated Spiro‐Type Hole‐Transporting Material for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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The development of stable and efficient hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is critical for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a novel spiro-type HTM was designed and synthesized where N-ethylcarbazole-terminated groups fully substituted the methoxy group of spiro-OMeTAD, named spiro-carbazole. The developed molecule exhibited a lower highest occupied molecular orbital level, higher hole mobility, and extremely high glass transition temperature (T g = 196 °C) compared with spiro-OMeTAD. PSCs with the developed molecule exhibited a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.01 %, which surpassed traditional spiro-OMeTAD (21.12 %). Importantly, the spiro-carbazole-based device had dramatically better thermal, humid, and long-term stability than spiro-OMeTAD.

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Section: Chemsuschemsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A N‐Ethylcarbazole‐Terminated Spiro‐Type Hole‐Transporting Material for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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“…Effective linearization strategies and conjugate engineering modulation can improve the hole mobility and hydrophobicity of spiro-type HTLs. [118,119] A few new spiro-type HTLs have been reported to replace Spiro-OMeTAD for better PCE and device stability as shown in Table 2. Jeong et al [120] developed two derivatives of spiro-fluorinated isomeric analogs (Spiro-mF and Spiro-oF) as the HTL for PSCs.…”

Section: Spiro Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Hole Transport Layer Engineering toward Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Shen

Deng

2022

Small Methods

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone unprecedented growth in the past decade as an emerging photovoltaic technology. Up till now, the power conversion efficiency of PSCs has exceeded 25% that rivals silicon solar cells and there is still room for further enhancement. However, the development in long‐term stability lags far behind, which remains a great concern for the commercial application in the future. The device instability mainly arises from the functional components, including perovskite film, charge transport layers, and electrodes along with the involved interfaces. As the most widely studied hole transport layer at the current stage, 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino)‐9,9‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD) helps contribute to the achievement of record efficiency but it weakens the device stability due to the doping‐induced side effects such as hygroscopicity and ion migration. Great efforts are devoted to boosting the stability of Spiro‐OMeTAD while maintaining excellent photovoltaic performance. In this review, the fundamental properties of Spiro‐OMeTAD have been summarized and the recent advances in engineering Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based hole transport layer for the sake of highly efficient PSCs with enhanced longevity are highlighted. In the end, an outlook for the further optimization of Spiro‐OMeTAD is provided and the issues related to large‐scale production are discussed.

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The Future of Spirobifluorene‐Based Molecules as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Solar Cells

Vaghi

Rizzo

2023

Solar RRL

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Renewable energy appears as one of the fundamental points to establish a sustainable society in the next future throughout the production of eco-friendly electricity. Among the renewable resources of energy, solar energy appears as the most abundant, well worldwide distributed and unlimited source of energy. Solar cells, that is, devices, able to convert solar energy into electricity have been developed since longtime. Crystalline Si-based solar cells are the most commercially diffused technologies, showing with the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.6%. [1] The cost of the production of Si-based solar cells is significantly reduced in recent years, however, new technologies are necessary to produce solar cells at even lower costs with lower environmental impact. Next-generation technologies, such as dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and organic solar cells (OSCs), have emerged in the last decades to replace cost-effective Si-based solar cells. However, their PCEs and long-term stability are still lower than Si-based solar cells, even if the hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit a continuous improvement in the recent years. [2] The emerging photovoltaic devices are generally made by multilayers structure, so their efficiency can be improved by acting on every material used on the different layers. In addition to the active layer, which incorporates the material collecting the solar radiation, the charge transport layers are pivotal on the photovoltaic performance. Indeed, hole-and electron-transporting layers (HTL and ETL) transfer the separated charge carriers at the electrodes by avoiding the recombination inside the device. In OSCs, hole-transport materials (HTMs) have usually polymeric nature, such as the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), but the use of small molecules is increasing due to their chemical versatility and easiest synthesis. Noteworthy, the most used polymeric HTM PEDOT:PSS suffers of instability and induces corrosion on electrodes due to its acidity.Among the small-molecule HTMs, 2,2 0 ,7,7 0 -tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9 0 -spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) (Figure 1) emerged as the most widely used small molecule in organic photovoltaic devices, first as solid electrolyte in dyesensitized solar cells [3] and later in PSCs. [4] The pivotal role of spiro-OMeTAD in PSCs is underlined by the impressive certified

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Dibenzo heterocyclic-terminated spiro-type hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Spiro-typed molecules remain the benchmark hole transporting materials (HTMs) for high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Terminal unit engineering of spiro-type HTMs has drawn much attention to efficient and stable PSCs....

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

A N‐Ethylcarbazole‐Terminated Spiro‐Type Hole‐Transporting Material for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

A N‐Ethylcarbazole‐Terminated Spiro‐Type Hole‐Transporting Material for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Hole Transport Layer Engineering toward Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

The Future of Spirobifluorene‐Based Molecules as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Solar Cells

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