Diazinon, chlorpyrifos and parathion are metabolised by multiple cytochromes P450 in human liver

Mutch, Elaine; Williams, Faith M.

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.024

Cited by 123 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…6 This insecticide is metabolized in the liver by multiple specific cytochrome P450 enzymes through several reaction pathways. 7 Indeed, malathion is known to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity in target tissues. 8,9 The harmful effects of malathion are, in part, suspected to its ability to induce oxidative stress status characterized by depletion of endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Lavender (Lavandula stoechasL.) Essential Oils Against Malathion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Male Mice

Selmi

Jallouli²,

Gharbi³

et al. 2015

Journal of Medicinal Food

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We aimed in the present study to investigate the hepato-and nephroprotective effects of Lavandula stoechas essential oils (LSEO) against malathion-induced oxidative stress in young male mice as well as the possible mechanism implicated in such protection. Animals were divided into eight groups of 12 each: Control, malathion (200 mg/kg b.w.); Various doses of LSEO (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg b.w.), malathion + various doses of LSEO. Malathion and LSEO were daily per orally (p.o.) administered by intragastric gavage during 30 days. We initially found that malathion treatment induced body weight gain decrease as well as a clear nephro-and hepatotoxicity as assessed by significant relative liver and kidney weight increase and related hemodynamic parameters deregulation. Malathion exposure of mice also induced a considerable perturbation of metabolic parameters. On the other hand, we showed that malathion administration was accompanied by an oxidative stress status assessed by an increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels as well as a depletion of sulfhydril group content (-SH) and antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and Fe-SOD in the kidney and liver. More importantly, LSEO treatment abolished all malathion-induced body gain loss, liver and kidney relative weight increase, hemodynamic and metabolic disorders, as well as hepatic and renal oxidative stress. In conclusion, our data suggest that LSEO exerted potential hepato-and nephroprotective effects against malathion-induced oxidative stress in mice. The beneficial effect of LSEO might be related, in part, to its antioxidant properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Lavender (Lavandula stoechasL.) Essential Oils Against Malathion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Male Mice

Selmi

Jallouli²,

Gharbi³

et al. 2015

Journal of Medicinal Food

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show abstract

“…Many studies of the metabolism of model OPs have shown that the most important enzymes are cytochromes CYP1A1, CYP3A4, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19. The first three have the highest affinity for desulphuration and activation to oxon, but for oxidative cleavage of the leaving group and detoxification CYP2C19 is the most effective (Mutch & Williams, 2006). The high degree of polymorphism in the various human CYPs means that the susceptibility of individuals to toxic effects of OPs depends on the expression level of specific CYP isoforms (e.g.…”

Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorous Pesticides - Mechanisms of Their Toxicity

Eleršek¹,

Filipič²

2011

Pesticides - The Impacts of Pesticides Exposure

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“…Variations in P450 enzymes have considerable in vivo effects on the sensitivity of humans to chemical toxicity. Therefore, some humans may be at increased risk of toxicity due to their P450 enzymes profiles (Mutch & Williams, 2006). CYP450 enzymes metabolize some carbamate and nicotinoid insecticides (Hodgson, 2003).…”

Section: Cytochrome P450 Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional expression of CYP450 in human liver will influence formation of the oxon and its systemic concentration. Therefore, the individuals' profile of participatory P450 will more accurately predict susceptibility to OP toxicity, and such information will be useful to complement risk assessment of OP exposures (Mutch & Williams, 2006). A number of pesticides may modify the cancer risk through the altered CYP2E1 enzyme activity (Bolognesi, 2003).…”

Section: Cytochrome P450 Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Markers of Human Exposure to Pesticides

Araoud¹

2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pests Control and Pesticides Exposure and Toxicity Assessment

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Diazinon, chlorpyrifos and parathion are metabolised by multiple cytochromes P450 in human liver

Cited by 123 publications

References 21 publications

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Lavender (Lavandula stoechasL.) Essential Oils Against Malathion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Male Mice

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Lavender (Lavandula stoechasL.) Essential Oils Against Malathion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Male Mice

Organophosphorous Pesticides - Mechanisms of Their Toxicity

Biological Markers of Human Exposure to Pesticides

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