Diauxic growth of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum on glucose and xylose

Aduse-Opoku, Joseph

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(88)90208-x

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As discussed above, C. thermohydrosulfuricum metabolises glucose in preference to cellobiose, while the opposite is true for C. thermocellum [27], and xylose metabolism is repressed by glucose in both C. acetobutylicum and C. thermosaccharolyticum [41,42]. In general, glucose is the preferred sugar in clostridial fermentations, although there are exceptions [79].…”

Section: Repression In the Clostridiamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There are no examples of PTS-mediated pentose accumulation in bacteria, and thus pentoses are unlikely to be PTS substrates in clostridia. However, while xylose has been shown to be fermented by many clostridia, and in some cases transport has been assayed [41,42], there have been no detailed studies relating to the mechanism of uptake.…”

Section: Monosaccharides and Disaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In C. thermocellum, glucose transport and metabolism was induced by glucose [27,50], while growth on fructose or mannitol led to induction of synthesis of a fructose PTS and fructose-l-P kinase, or a mannitol PTS and mannitol-l-P dehydrogenase, respectively [25]. Transport of cellobiose by C. thermohydrosulfuricum [27], xylose by C. thermosaccharolyticum [42] and of galactose, gluconate and glucitol by C. pasteurianum [20,22] has also been shown to be inducible. Conversely, metabolic systems for cellobiose in C. thermocellum, and glucose in C. thermohydrosulfuricum and C. pasteurianum, are synthesised constitutively [20,27].…”

Section: Induction Of Synthesis Of Catabolic Enzymes and Transport Symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…acetobutylicum and C. thermosaccharolyticum exhibit a classical diauxic growth when presented with a mixture of glucose and xylose; after metabolism of the available glucose, there is a lag period during which the xylose metabolic system is synthesised [41,42]. In the case of C. thermosaccharolyticum, xylose was shown to induce three activities (xylose transport, xylose isomerase and xylulokinase), and their coordinate induction by xylose and repression by glucose is consistent with the corresponding genes being arranged in an operon, similar to other bacteria [53][54][55].…”

Section: Induction Of Synthesis Of Catabolic Enzymes and Transport Symentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting utilization of carbohydrates by clostridia

1995

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The overriding principle of bacterial metabolism is the utilization of extracellular nutrients to provide building blocks and energy to support cellular growth. Nutrients are (if necessary) degraded by specific extracellular depolymerases, taken into the cell via specific membrane‐bound transport systems, and mobilised by specific enzymes, the synthesis and activity of which are controlled in response to the nutritional status of the environment. Saccharolytic clostridia exhibit the capacity to utilise a wide spectrum of carbon sources for growth. Polymers such as starch and cellulose are degraded by a variety of enzymes; the products, and other soluble, low molecular mass substrates, are accumulated by a number of different mechanisms, predominant among which is the phosphoenolpyruvate‐dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS). Although not fully characterised, the clostridial PTS has been shown to be functionally related to the PTS in other bacteria. Many catabolic enzyme and transport systems in clostridia have been found to be induced by the substrate and repressed in the presence of a rapidly metabolised sugar such as glucose, but mechanisms responsible for these phenomena have not been identified. Description of these mechanisms will depend on a detailed molecular analysis of catabolic genes and their expression, and is essential to providde a complete understanding of clostridial physiology.

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Section: Repression In the Clostridiamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Monosaccharides and Disaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Induction Of Synthesis Of Catabolic Enzymes and Transport Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Induction Of Synthesis Of Catabolic Enzymes and Transport Symentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting utilization of carbohydrates by clostridia

1995

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“…Corresponding enzymes and genes have been found in clostridia and related strains [163][164][165][166][167][168]455]. The conversion of 3 mol of pentose to pyruvate yields 5 mol ATP and 5 mol NADH.…”

Section: Uptake and Metabolism Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Biology and Physiology

Mitchell

2001

Clostridia

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Production of lipid from depolymerised lignocellulose using the biocontrol yeast, Rhodotorula minuta: The fatty acid profile remains stable irrespective of environmental conditions

Sargeant

Mardell²,

Saad‐Allah³

et al. 2015

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula minuta has been used previously as a biocide agent and for the production of β‐carotene. In addition, R. minuta has been shown to produce up to 40% lipids, while demonstrating a faster growth rate than the similar oleaginous yeasts; Lipomyces starkeyii and R. glutinis. In this study, this promising yeast was evaluated for its potential to produce glyceride lipids under the harsh conditions and complex sugar mixtures produced from depolymerised lignocellulose. The fatty acid profile of R. minuta was not found to change significantly irrespective of the environmental conditions and contained approximately 20% palmitic acid, 5% stearic acid, 60% oleic acid and 15% linolenic acid. R. minuta was found to grow on a range of sugars, and could consume xylose and glucose when both sugars were present; however, R. minuta was found to be highly sensitive to inhibitors, such as furfurals and organic acids, formed under the harsh lignocellulose depolymerisation conditions. Accordingly R. minuta did not grow well on biomass depolymerised with an acid pre‐treatment stage. However, R. minuta was cultured successfully on food waste depolymerised with no additional acids, producing up to 19 g/l cell mass with a lipid content of up to 25% of the dry cell weight. Practical applications: While high oil productivity, fast growth rates and a suitable fatty acid composition are key traits for the economic viability of SCO production, it is essential that the organism can be cultured and produce lipids from low‐cost substrates. This requires the ability to assimilate the nutrients present in the desired hydrolysate, as well as maintain high‐growth rates in the presence of inhibitory compounds produced during the hydrolysis process. In this paper, we demonstrate that the yeast R. minuta has industrial applicability in being able to convert depolymerised waste food to lipids with a profile akin to rapeseed oil. Rhodotorula minuta lipid cultured on depolymerised food waste.

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Diauxic growth of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum on glucose and xylose

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Factors affecting utilization of carbohydrates by clostridia

Factors affecting utilization of carbohydrates by clostridia

General Biology and Physiology

Production of lipid from depolymerised lignocellulose using the biocontrol yeast, Rhodotorula minuta: The fatty acid profile remains stable irrespective of environmental conditions

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