“…After this time, the trabeculae were gradually stretched to a resting force of 1 g, which we have previously determined to be the optimal length-tension for human atrial trabeculae in our laboratory [2,10,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Field stimulation was accomplished with platinum electrodes (Radnoti Glass, Inc. Monrovia, CA) at a frequency of 1 Hz.…”