Diarrhoea management practices and child health outcomes in Nigeria: Sub-national analysis

Akinyemi, Akanni Ibukun; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Omoluabi, Elizabeth; Agunbiade, Ojo Melvin; Adebayo, Samuel Olanipekun

doi:10.1016/j.aimed.2017.10.002

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reduced income subjects a family to poor living conditions such as lack of access to potable drinking water, improper sewage disposal, poor drainage system, and toilet facilities which have been identified as risk factors of childhood diarrhoea [ 29 , 30 ]. The observation that children of unemployed mothers are twice likely to have diarrhoea than children of employed mothers ( Table 2 ) is similar to findings of [ 31 ], which further corroborates the impact of poverty on childhood diarrhoea incidence. This implies that mothers generate more income for the family, thereby providing basic household sanitary materials that ensure hygienic living conditions for the children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…e observation that children of unemployed mothers are twice likely to have diarrhoea than children of employed mothers (Table 2) is similar to findings of [31], which further corroborates the impact of poverty on childhood diarrhoea incidence. is implies that mothers generate more income for the family, thereby providing basic household sanitary materials that ensure hygienic living conditions for the children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

Ugboko

Nwinyi

Oranusi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrhoea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequent passage than is normal for an individual. Diarrhoea alters the microbiome, thus the immune system, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. This study evaluated the association between the risk factors and diarrhoea prevalence among children under five years in Lagos and Ogun States, located in Southwest Nigeria. Participants included 280 women aged 15–49 years and children aged 0–59 months. The study used quantitative data, which were assessed by a structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013. The relationships and/or association between variables were evaluated using Pearson's Chi Square and logistic regression tests. One hundred and eighteen (42%) of the children were male, and 162 (58%) were female. The majority of the children belonged to the age group 0–11 months (166). Age ( p = 0.113 ) and gender ( p = 0.366 ) showed no significant association with diarrhoea among the children. The majority of the mothers belonged to the age group 30–34. Multivariate analysis showed that the mother's level of education (95% CI for OR = 11.45; P = 0.0001 ) and family income (95% CI for OR = 7.61, P = 0.0001 ) were the most significant risk factors for diarrhoea among children. Mother’s educational status, mother's employment, and family income were the factors significantly associated with diarrhoea in Southwest Nigeria. The study recommends that female education should be encouraged by the right government policy to enhance the achievement of the sustainable development goal three (SDG 3) for the possible reduction of neonates and infants' deaths in Nigeria.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

Ugboko

Nwinyi

Oranusi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding is similar to the 10.0% and 10.8% prevalence of diarrhoea reported for children within this age group in Nigeria and in rural settings in Nigeria respectively [ 13 ]. Although a slightly lower prevalence of 9.0% has been reported by a study in Nigeria [ 14 ], higher prevalence of diarrhoea among children younger than five years have been reported by other researchers in Nigeria [ 15 , 16 ] and studies in another African country [ 17 , 18 ]. Diarrhoea morbidity and mortality has been noted to be higher in children younger than five years because of the combined effects of malnutrition and childhood infections especially in LMICs [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors associated with diarrhoea morbidity in a rural community of Enugu, South East Nigeria

Nwokoro¹,

Ugwa²,

Onwuliri³

et al. 2020

Pan Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The outcome variable in this study is the result of the RDT and microscopy malaria tests while the independent factors considered are child’s household wealth quintiles, child age, and sex of children, mother’s educational attainment, place of residence, region, sleeping under a long-lasting insecticide-treated net or any ever treated nets recently, experience of fever within 2 weeks preceding the survey, and the level of anaemia as used in earlier studies [3, 16]. The ages of the children were categorized into 0–6, 7–23, and 24–59 months as used in earlier studies on under-five children [17, 18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the discriminatory and predictive accuracy of the RDT against the microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria among under-five children in Nigeria

Fagbamigbe

2019

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Accurate identification of malaria cases is crucial to the management of cases and the eventual success of malaria eradication agenda. This study is designed to evaluate the discriminatory and predictive accuracy of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in Nigeria. Methods The data obtained during the 2015 Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey was used to quantify the discriminatory accuracy of the RDT against the microscopy through the analysis of its sensitivity, specificity, positive (LR+) and negative (LR−) likelihood ratio. The positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and diagnostic odds ratio were used to assess the predictive accuracy of the RDTs using expert microscopy as a gold standard at p = 0.05. The McNemar paired test and the Kappa statistics were used to assess the level of agreement between the diagnostic tests. Results There was a significant but not an excellent agreement between the results of the RDT and microscopy tests (p < 0.001). The overall sensitivity of the RDT was 87.6% (85.9–89.2%), specificity was 75.8% (74.4–77.1%), while the diagnostic accuracy stood at 79.0% (77.9–80.0%). The LR+, LR−, PPV and NPV were 3.6 (3.4–3.8) and 0.16 (0.14–0.19), 57.5% (56.1–58.9%) and 94.2% (93.5–94.9%), respectively. The sensitivity of RDT increased as the age of the children increased, from 85.7% among those aged 0–6 months to 86.1% in 7–23 month olds to 88.1% among those aged 24–59 months, but the reverse was the specificity. For children with severe anaemia, the sensitivity of the RDT was nearly 100% compared with a specificity of 39%. While the sensitivity and the PPV reduced with children’s level of anaemia, the higher the severity of anaemia, the lower the NPV, specificity, the diagnostic accuracy of the RDT. The odds of RDT being sensitive was about 50% [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.52 (95% CI 0.30–0.90)] lower among children aged 7–23 months compared with those aged 24–59 months while the odds of RDT being sensitive was 2 times [aOR = 2.15 (95% CI 1.67–2.77)] higher among those 7–23 months than among those aged 24–59 months. Conclusions Although there was a significant agreement in the outcomes of RDT and microscopy tests, the discriminatory accuracy of RDT was weak. Also, the predictive accuracy, especially the PPV of the RDTS, were very low. These measures of accuracies differed across the age of the children, level of anaemia, recent experience of malaria and other characteristics. Without an accurate, efficient and reliable diagnosis of malaria, the goal of eliminating malaria and reduction of malaria-related deaths to zero by 2020 will only remain elusive. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-019-2678-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Diarrhoea management practices and child health outcomes in Nigeria: Sub-national analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

Water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors associated with diarrhoea morbidity in a rural community of Enugu, South East Nigeria

On the discriminatory and predictive accuracy of the RDT against the microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria among under-five children in Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About