Diamonds and accessory minerals in products of the 2012–2013 Tolbachik Fissure Eruption

Карпов, Г. А.; Силаев, В. И.; Anikin, L. P.; Ракин, В. И.; Васильев, Е. А.; Филатов, С. К.; Петровский, В. А.; Flerov, G. B.

doi:10.1134/s0742046314060049

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Individual grains of moissanite, corundum (red, blue and Ti-bearing) and native elements (Fe, Cu, Al) were found in the same samples, also within gas cavities. Similar reduced minerals also have been reported from the lavas of several other vol¬ canos on Kamchatka (Gordeev et ah, 2013), and both moissanite and Ti-bearing corun¬ dum are common associates of "diamond¬ bearing ores of unconventional types" related to explosive volcanism in Russia (Karpov et al, 2014).…”

Section: Northern Israelsupporting

confidence: 73%

Deep-earth methane and mantle dynamics: insights from northern Israel, southern Tibet and Kamchatka,

Griffin

Gain²,

Adams³

et al. 2016

Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales

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The oxidation state of fluids in Earth's mantle affects processes ranging from volcanism and the forma¬ tion of the crust, to the generation of many types of ore deposits. In general, the lowest oxidation state of the mantle (and hence its fluids) is defined by the buffer reaction 2FeO 2Fe + 02. However, unusual mineral assemblages that require far more reducing conditions are found in volcanic rocks from a variety of geotectonic settings, raising questions about how such conditions can be generated in the mantle. Examples from northern Israel, Tibet and Kamchatka suggest that interaction between magmas and methane-hydrogen fluids derived from the deep Earth have generated highly reducing conditions within some volcanic plumbing systems. Such systems appear to be related to the margins of tectonic plates, including zones of continent-continent collision and/or deep oceanic subduction, and transform faults extending deep (up to 200 km) into the Earth's mantle. This represents an important but previously unrecognized fluid-transfer process within the mantle. Foreword his paper is both a condensation and an expansion of the 2015 Clarke Memo¬ rial Lecture, given by WLG at Macquarie University in August 2015, which summa¬ rized recent work by the ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS). We hope to provide both geolo¬ gists and non-specialists with a glimpse into some recent exciting developments in Earth Science, and to show how the integration of observations at scales from microns to moun¬ tain ranges can give us a new picture of how Earth works. We are trying to understand processes not previously recognized, and the paper therefore contains some "interesting" speculations, which we hope can generate (polite) discussion.

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Section: Northern Israelsupporting

confidence: 73%

Deep-earth methane and mantle dynamics: insights from northern Israel, southern Tibet and Kamchatka,

Griffin

Gain²,

Adams³

et al. 2016

Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales

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“…In chromitites in ophiolites from Tibetan and Polar Urals, Ti-corundum occurs together with SiC, diamond, alloys and other phases indicative of low fO 2 , many included in the corundum 11 . Explosive volcanic eruptions on the Kamchatka Peninsula carry a xenocryst assemblage that includes native Fe and Al, SiC and Ti-corundum 40,41 . www.nature.com/scientificreports/ A corundum inclusion with 1.8 wt% Ti was found in a diamond from the Monastery Mine kimberlite (South Africa) 42 ; other diamonds from this mine contain inclusions of SiC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti3+ in corundum traces crystal growth in a highly reduced magma

Oliveira

Griffin

Gain

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Aggregates of corundum crystals with skeletal to hopper morphology occur in pyroclastic rocks erupted from Cretaceous basaltic volcanoes on Mt Carmel, N. Israel. The rapid growth of the crystals trapped volumes of the parental Al2O3-supersaturated melt; phenocrysts of tistarite (Ti2O3) in the trapped melts indicate crystallization at oxygen fugacities 6–7 log units below the Iron-Wüstite buffer (fO2 = ΔIW − 6 to − 7), induced by fluxes of mantle-derived CH4-H2 fluids. Cathodoluminescence images reveal growth zoning within the individual crystals of the aggregates, related to the substitution of Ti3+ in the corundum structure. Ti contents are < 0.3 wt% initially, then increase first linearly, then exponentially, toward adjacent melt pockets to reach values > 2 wt%. Numerical modelling indicates that the first skeletal crystals grew in an open system, from a moving magma. The subsequent linear increase in Ti reflects growth in a partially closed system, with decreasing porosity; the exponential increase in Ti close to melt pockets reflects closed-system growth, leading to dramatic increases in incompatible-element concentrations in the residual melts. We suggest that the corundum aggregates grew in melt/fluid conduits; diffusion modelling implies timescales of days to years before crystallization was terminated by explosive eruption. These processes probably operate in explosive volcanic systems in several tectonic settings.

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“…50-летия ИВиС ДВО РАН -ТТИ-50, 27.12.2012-09.10.2013) и начатая нами программа комплексных исследований [13,24,25] позволяют надеяться на ради-кальное улучшение ситуации в области знаний о некимберлитовой алмазоносно-сти.…”

Section: рис 1 один из вариантов карты распространения проявлений пunclassified

Алмазы В Продуктах Трещинного Толбачинского Извержения 2012–2013, Камчатка

Силаев¹,

Карпов²,

Ракин³

et al. 2015

Вест. Перм. унив. Геол.

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Diamonds and accessory minerals in products of the 2012–2013 Tolbachik Fissure Eruption

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Deep-earth methane and mantle dynamics: insights from northern Israel, southern Tibet and Kamchatka,

Deep-earth methane and mantle dynamics: insights from northern Israel, southern Tibet and Kamchatka,

Ti3+ in corundum traces crystal growth in a highly reduced magma

Алмазы В Продуктах Трещинного Толбачинского Извержения 2012–2013, Камчатка

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