Diamond Machinable Sol-Gel Silica Based Hybrid Coatings for High Precision Optical Molds

Abstract

The demand for high precision optical elements as micro lens arrays for displays increases continually. Economic mass production of such optical elements is done by replication with high precision optical molds. A new approach for manufacturing such molds was realized by diamond machinable and wear resistant sol-gel coatings. Crack free silica based hybrid coatings from base catalyzed sols from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS: Si(OC2H5)4) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES: Si(CH3)(OC2H5)3) precursors were deposited onto pre-machined steel molds by spin coating process followed by a heat treatment at temperatures up to 800°C. Crack-free multilayer coatings with a total thickness of up to 18 µm were achieved. Micro-machining of these coatings was accomplished by high precision fly cutting with diamond tools. Molds with micro-structured coatings were successfully tested for injection molding of PMMA optical components. The wear resistance of the coatings was successfully tested by injection molding of 1000 PMMA lenses. Hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were measured by nano indentation. The chemical composition was measured by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) as a function of the sol-gel processing parameters.

Genetic, biological and structural hierarchies during sponge spicule formation: from soft sol–gels to solid 3D silica composite structures

“…The tight-fitting network, built of structurally and functionally optimal interacting spicules and forming the siliceous skeleton is achieved by a process of precision biosilica molding at a nanoand micrometer scale. Precision silica molding processes are applied for fabrication of optical devices, 109 but again, techniques are required that are applying adverse chemical reaction conditions and unphysiological temperatures.…”