Diametrically opposite effects of estrogen on the excitability of female rat medial and lateral preoptic neurons with axons to the midbrain locomotor region

Takeo, Teruko; Sakuma, Yasuo

doi:10.1016/0168-0102(95)00885-w

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Surprisingly, the body weight gain observed in OVX compared with SHM mice on chow diet was an early phenomenon: the OVX and SHM mice in this study converged over time and became similar in body weight and body composition. It has been established that OVX mice are less physically active than SHM (9, 31), and it is thought that it is the loss of estrogen that results in the reduced activity in OVX mice because studies have confirmed that estrogen directly acts on the preoptic area of the brain to increase physical activity (32). It appears that the OVX mice in our study compensated over time for their reduced physical activity by reducing their food intake (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Reduced Insulin Sensitivity in Ovariectomized Mice Occurs in the Absence of Increased Adiposity

et al. 2012

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Menopause promotes central obesity, adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR). Both obesity and the loss of estrogen can activate innate and adaptive immune cells (macrophages, T cells). The respective impacts of weight gain and loss of ovarian hormones on AT inflammation and IR are poorly understood. Here we determined the temporal kinetics of fat accretion, AT inflammation, and IR over a 26-wk time course in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, a model of menopause. OVX and sham-operated (SHM) C57BL6 mice were fed a normal chow diet. Weight, body composition (magnetic resonance imaging), total and regional adiposity, activity, food intake, AT crown-like structures, biohumoral measures, and insulin sensitivity (insulin tolerance testing and homeostatic model assessment) were determined at wk 12, 20, and 26. Macrophages and T cells from perigonadal AT were immunophenotyped by fluorescence-associated cell sorting, and perigonadal adipose tissue (PGAT) gene expression was quantified by quantitative PCR. OVX mice (ϳ31 g) became fatter than SHM mice (ϳ26 g) by wk 12, but mice were equally insulin sensitive. PGAT of OVX mice contained more T cells but expressed higher levels of M2-M⌽ (arginase-1) and T cell-regulatory (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4) genes. At wk 20, both OVX and SHM mice weighed approximately 35 g and were equally insulin sensitive with comparable amounts of PGAT and total body fat. OVX mice became less insulin sensitive than SHM mice by wk 26, coincident with the down-regulation of PGAT arginase-1 (Ϫ20-fold) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (2-fold) and up-regulation of M1/Th1 genes CD11c (ϩ2-fold), IL12p40 (ϩ2-fold), and interferon-␥ (ϩ78-fold). Ovarian hormone loss in mice induces PGAT inflammation and IR by mechanisms that can be uncoupled from OVX-induced obesity. (Endocrinology 153: 4266 -4277, 2012) C ompared with premenopausal women, postmenopausal women are at a much greater risk of developing metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (1). Although the mechanism(s) linking the loss of ovarian hormone production to metabolic disturbances are not fully understood, weight gain and a redistribution of body fat toward a more android (i.e. central) distribution pattern are thought to play major roles (2).However, recent evidence suggests that the loss of ovarian hormone production is associated with symptoms of the metabolic syndrome, even in the absence of body weight changes (3), signifying that the loss of ovarian hormone production per se may disturb metabolic function. The aging process itself is associated with a decline in metabolic functioning; for example, insulin sensitivity declines with age in rodents and humans (4, 5). Although the mech-

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Reduced Insulin Sensitivity in Ovariectomized Mice Occurs in the Absence of Increased Adiposity

et al. 2012

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“…In female rodents, activation of the MPN facilitates proceptive behaviors and inhibits the display of the receptive component of feminine sexual behavior, the lordosis reflex (Hoshina et al, 1994;Micevych et al, 2003;Guarraci et al, 2004). These actions are achieved through the bidirectional connections it establishes with main components of the limbic system, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and the hypothalamic ventromedial and arcuate nuclei (Berk and Finkelstein, 1981;Simerly andSwanson, 1986, 1988;Micevych and Christensen, 2012), and with the ventral tegmental area (Sakuma, 1994;Takeo and Sakuma, 1995). The MPN is also the brain region that contains the highest concentration of cells expressing receptors for gonadal steroids (Simerly et al, 1990;Shughrue et al, 1997aShughrue et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of gonadal steroids and of estrogen receptor agonists on the expression of estrogen receptor alpha in the medial preoptic nucleus of female rats

2015

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confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, c-Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, is significantly increased in the preoptic region following copulatory behaviors (15). With respect to locomotor activity, there is ample evidence demonstrating that electrical or chemical stimulation of preoptic neurons enhances locomotor activity in rats (16)(17)(18)(19).Given the importance of the preoptic region in mediating these complex biologically relevant hormone-dependent behaviors, the next step was to establish the cytochemical make-up of these populations of neurons. Before immunocytochemical techniques were routinely used, placement of hormone extracts was used to delineate the hormone and exact location of the action of these chemicals.…”

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confidence: 99%

siRNA silencing of estrogen receptor-α expression specifically in medial preoptic area neurons abolishes maternal care in female mice

Ribeiro

Musatov

Shteyler

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The medial preoptic area has been shown to be intricately involved in many behaviors, including locomotion, sexual behavior, maternal care, and aggression. The gene encoding estrogen receptor-α (ERα) protein is expressed in preoptic area neurons, and a very dense immunoreactive field of ERα is found in the preoptic region. ERα knockout animals show deficits in maternal care and sexual behavior and fail to exhibit increases in these behaviors in response to systemic estradiol treatment. In the present study, we used viralvector mediated RNA interference to silence ERα expression specifically in the preoptic area of female mice and measured a variety of behaviors, including social and sexual aggression, maternal care, and arousal activity. Suppression of ERα in the preoptic area almost completely abolished maternal care, significantly increasing the latency to pup retrieval and significantly reducing the time the moms spent nursing and licking the pups. Strikingly, maternal aggression toward a male intruder was not different between control and preoptic ERα-silenced mice, demonstrating the remarkably specific role of ERα in these neurons. Reduction of ERα expression in preoptic neurons significantly decreased sexual behavior in female mice and increased aggression toward both sexual partners and male intruders in a seminatural environment. Estrogen-dependent increases in arousal, measured by home cage activity, were not mediated by ERα expression in the preoptic neurons we targeted, as ERα-suppressed mice had increases similar to control mice. Thus, we have established that a specific gene in a specific group of neurons is required for a crucially important natural behavior.ating back to the 1970s, the preoptic region has been implicated in a variety of complex, natural, biologically crucial behaviors, ranging from sexual behavior to locomotion to maternal care. These roles for the preoptic region were first demonstrated using lesion studies; for instance, radiofrequency, electrolytic, and cytotoxic lesions of the medial preoptic area (MPA) were shown to disrupt many components of maternal care (1-6). Likewise, electrolytic lesions (7-9), chemical lesions (9-11), or knife-cuts disrupting preoptic afferents (12,13) all severely impair or abolish male sexual behavior, whereas electrical stimulation of this region enhances male copulatory behaviors (14). Additionally, c-Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, is significantly increased in the preoptic region following copulatory behaviors (15). With respect to locomotor activity, there is ample evidence demonstrating that electrical or chemical stimulation of preoptic neurons enhances locomotor activity in rats (16)(17)(18)(19).Given the importance of the preoptic region in mediating these complex biologically relevant hormone-dependent behaviors, the next step was to establish the cytochemical make-up of these populations of neurons. Before immunocytochemical techniques were routinely used, placement of hormone extracts was used to delineate the hormone and...

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Diametrically opposite effects of estrogen on the excitability of female rat medial and lateral preoptic neurons with axons to the midbrain locomotor region

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Reduced Insulin Sensitivity in Ovariectomized Mice Occurs in the Absence of Increased Adiposity

Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Reduced Insulin Sensitivity in Ovariectomized Mice Occurs in the Absence of Increased Adiposity

Effects of gonadal steroids and of estrogen receptor agonists on the expression of estrogen receptor alpha in the medial preoptic nucleus of female rats

siRNA silencing of estrogen receptor-α expression specifically in medial preoptic area neurons abolishes maternal care in female mice

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