“…Their RBM modes correspond to diameters in the range 0.8 to 1.0 nm. Such narrow SWCNTs can be attributed to nucleation from fullerenes 6,15,16 or the presence of DWCNTs. The presence of only narrow-diameter SWCNTs would suggest that an alternative mechanism nucleates the larger diameter SWCNTs.…”
In this letter, we show for the first time the use of metal oxides as catalysts in the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using laser ablation. Further, SWCNTs have been synthesized at low temperature (down to room temperature), where their nucleation cannot be explained via fullerene nucleation. The data point to a nucleation mechanism previously not identified, that places a stable oxidized ring as the root cause for the growth of SWCNTs.
“…Their RBM modes correspond to diameters in the range 0.8 to 1.0 nm. Such narrow SWCNTs can be attributed to nucleation from fullerenes 6,15,16 or the presence of DWCNTs. The presence of only narrow-diameter SWCNTs would suggest that an alternative mechanism nucleates the larger diameter SWCNTs.…”
In this letter, we show for the first time the use of metal oxides as catalysts in the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using laser ablation. Further, SWCNTs have been synthesized at low temperature (down to room temperature), where their nucleation cannot be explained via fullerene nucleation. The data point to a nucleation mechanism previously not identified, that places a stable oxidized ring as the root cause for the growth of SWCNTs.
“…The key parameters controlling the initial I G /I D ratio of the CNSs are likely the synthesis conditions (synthesis temperature, catalysts, carbon source, gas flow rate, etc. ), since it is known that more crystalline structures are synthesised by high-temperature methods such as laser ablation, as for the case of SWCNTs [28][29][30]. The Raman spectra of as-produced SWCNTs (Figure 1a and b) also shows a broad asymmetric line shape of the G band (Breit-Wigner-Fano) which is related to metallic carbon nanotubes.…”
Raman spectroscopy was used to characterise 11 varieties of carbon nanostructures (CNSs) consisting on seven varieties of commercial multi-walled carbon nanotubes, two types of carbon nanofibres and two types of lab-synthesised single-walled carbon nanotubes. The Raman spectra of these CNSs provided information on the structural ordering of the as-received (or as-synthesised) material. Additionally, the CNSs were chemically treated by two mixtures of nitric and sulphuric acids at markedly different concentrations and then characterised by Raman spectroscopy. The features of the G and D Raman bands of the CNSs were used to assess structural modifications and generation of defects induced by the acid treatments. Changes in the Raman spectra before and after acidic treatment depend strongly on the initial intensity ratio of the G to D bands and the architecture (number of layers or diameter) of the CNSs.
“…The equations and the parameter sets for the Brenner potential are given in Eqs. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) and Table 2, respectively. The parameters for the carbon-carbon interaction have been adopted from the reference.…”
Section: mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since the energy difference with respect to the chirality is small, evaluation of methods for chirality-controlled synthesis should take into consideration not only the isolated carbon but also the nucleation process involved, including the metal catalysts used. Several influential growth models [8,9] have been proposed. Currently, the metal nanoparticle model [10] is considered to be most suitable.…”
Abstract.We have focused on the growth process of metal and carbon mixed clusters that are precursors for carbon nanotubes. The molecular dynamics method using the Brenner potential was employed for modeling carbon-carbon interactions as well as carbon-iron interactions. As for carbon-iron interactions, the parameters were derived using DFT calculation. The Finnis-Sinclair potential was employed for irons. In order to observe the deposition process of carbon atoms, we adjusted the potential parameters to reproduce the bulk melting points of graphite, iron, and cementite, which was a model material of ironcarbon composite. We observed the initial growth process by preparing iron-carbon mixed clusters (approximately 200 iron atoms and 70 carbon atoms) as precursor clusters. Additional carbon atoms were then gradually supplied to this mixture at 1000 K and 1200 K. Consequently, the graphite structure was formed on the mixture surface, but at some phases, the cap structure was observed at 1200 K.
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