Diallyl disulphide-loaded spherical gold nanoparticles and acorn-like silver nanoparticles synthesised using onion extract: catalytic activity and cytotoxicity

Abstract

Onion (Allium cepa) extract was used for the green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles. Each colloidal solution exhibited surface plasmon resonance, with a peak at 532 nm for gold nanoparticles and 391 nm for silver nanoparticles. Microscopic results confirmed the presence of spherical shapes. The Xray diffraction pattern demonstrated a face-centered cubic structure. Both nanoparticles had negative zeta potentials and retained colloidal stability in cell culture medium. Catalytic applications were evaluated for 4-nitrophenol reduction and methyl orange degradation reactions by monitoring with UV-visible spectrophotometry. Furthermore, the nanoparticles demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity against human pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PANC-1) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). PEGylation and diallyl disulphide loading of the gold and silver nanoparticles meaningfully reduced the cell viability of both cell lines. Furthermore, diallyl disulphide loading resulted in more cytotoxicity against PANC-1 cells than against HT-29 cells. Additionally, the gold nanoparticles were more cytotoxic than the silver nanoparticles upon diallyl disulphide loading. Interestingly, after PEGylation and diallyl disulphide loading, the silver nanoparticles exhibited acorn-like shapes, while the gold nanoparticles retained spherical shapes. This result suggested that nanoparticles green-synthesised by onion extract have possibilities as nanocatalysts and drug delivery nanocarriers for catalytic and nanomedicine applications.

[Retracted] Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of Multishaped Crystalline Silver Nanoparticles Using Hill Garlic Extract and Their Potential Application as an Antifungal Agent

“…Similarly, another organosulfur compound, diallyl disulfide, was loaded into spherical AuNPs (Gold nanoparticles), and their toxic effect on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) cells was evaluated. Diallyl disulfide loaded gold nanoparticles exhibited potential cytotoxic effects against HT-29 and are assumed to have future possibilities as nanocatalysts and nanocarriers [25].…”

Folic Acid and Chitosan-Functionalized Gold Nanorods and Triangular Silver Nanoplates for the Delivery of Anticancer Agents

“… 14 Our laboratory synthesized DADS-encapsulated AuNPs and AgNPs and assessed their effect on cell viability. 15 DADS-encapsulated AuNPs and AgNPs decreased the viability of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PANC-1) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) compared with that found with AuNPs and AgNPs alone.…”

Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems in Glioblastoma

“…GNPs have been recommended for antimicrobial applications and showed low toxicity to [ 102 ]. Synthetic GNPs have distinct conformations such as spherical [ 103 ], cylindrical [ 104 ], cage-like [ 105 ] and hollow [ 106 ] shapes with core sizes ranging from 1 to 150 nm [ 107 ] (Fig. 5 ).…”