Dialkylmethyl β-glycosides of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine: Synthesis and protective antiinfection and cytotoxic activities

Zemlyakov, A. E.; Tsikalova, V. N.; Tsikalov, V. V.; Chirva, V. Ya.; Mulik, E. L.; Kuzovlev, F. N.; Kalyuzhin, O. V.; Kiselevsky, M. V.

doi:10.1134/s1068162008010147

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

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“…1‐deoxy and lipophilic 1‐ S ‐acyl analogs of MDP demonstrated strong adjuvant activity, closely similar to that of MDP, while α‐ and β‐methyl glycosides showed weaker adjuvant activity . Moreover, dialkylmethyl β‐glycosides of MDP were found to stimulate cytotoxicity of NK cells . Furthermore, the acetamide group at the C2 position can be replaced by a hydroxyl, amino, methylamino, N ‐methylacetamide or N ‐glycolyl group .…”

Section: Nod Ligands As Anticancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Moreover, the ability of compounds to stimulate the cytotoxic activity of NK cells correlates well with the increase in the number of aglycone carbon atoms. Thus, compound 21 , with the highest lipophilicity of the tested compounds, demonstrated the highest stimulation of NK cells …”

Section: Nod Ligands As Anticancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…When NOD agonists act as immunotherapeutics, they activate the cytotoxic potential of immune cells residing in the TME and, consequently, facilitate their engagement with cancer cells. Such enhancement of anticancer immunity has been investigated in the context of NOD2 agonists which, mainly, activate monocytes and macrophages although stimulation of NK cells and DCs has also been reported. In general, two possible mechanisms on how NOD agonists activate the antitumor activity of macrophages have been suggested.…”

Section: Targeting Nod Receptors In Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zemlyakov et al identified four lipophilic glycosides of MDP with symmetric secondary aliphatic alcohols as aglycones that demonstrated promising cytotoxic activities in vitro. In fact, the three most lipophilic compounds caused practically complete lysis of human erythroleukemia cells (K‐562) and evident cytotoxicity on blood mononuclear cells when used at their highest tested concentration (200 µg/mL).…”

Section: Nod Ligands As Anticancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…213 Moreover, dialkylmethyl β-glycosides of MDP were found to stimulate cytotoxicity of NK cells. 87 Furthermore, the acetamide group at the C2 position can be replaced by a hydroxyl, amino, methylamino, N-methylacetamide or N-glycolyl group. 210 structure of MDP led to analogs with enhanced adjuvant activity.…”

Section: Modifications Of the Carbohydrate Moietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harnessing the untapped potential of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain ligands for cancer immunotherapy

Nabergoj

Mlinarič-Raščan

Jakopin

2018

Medicinal Research Reviews

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In the last decade, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an effective alternative to traditional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation. In contrast to the latter, cancer immunotherapy has the potential to distinguish between cancer and healthy cells, and thus to avoid severe and intolerable side‐effects, since the cancer cells are effectively eliminated by stimulated immune cells. The cytosolic nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domains 1 and 2 receptors (NOD1 and NOD2) are important components of the innate immune system and constitute interesting targets in terms of strengthening the immune response against cancer cells. Many NOD ligands have been synthesized, in particular NOD2 agonists that exhibit favorable immunostimulatory and anticancer activity. Among them, mifamurtide has already been approved in Europe by the European Medicine Agency for treating patients with osteosarcoma in combination with chemotherapy after complete surgical removal of the primary tumor. This review is focused on NOD receptors as promising targets in cancer immunotherapy as well as summarizing current knowledge of the various NOD ligands exhibiting antitumor and even antimetastatic activity in vitro and in vivo.

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Section: Nod Ligands As Anticancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Nod Ligands As Anticancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 92%