“…Sounding waves and radiation at the pump wave frequency were detected by measur ing loop antennas with a small diameter. The measure ments of the background value and perturbations of the plasma density were performed by the modified method of the microwave resonator probe on a section of a double line [10]. The measurements of perturba tions of the ambient magnetic field in a band up to 1 MHz were performed by a six turn magnetic probe with a diameter of 2 cm.…”
“…Sounding waves and radiation at the pump wave frequency were detected by measur ing loop antennas with a small diameter. The measure ments of the background value and perturbations of the plasma density were performed by the modified method of the microwave resonator probe on a section of a double line [10]. The measurements of perturba tions of the ambient magnetic field in a band up to 1 MHz were performed by a six turn magnetic probe with a diameter of 2 cm.…”
“…The nonlinear effects associated with the striction action of microwave fields on the plasma near the resonator wires were studied in [5], and it was shown among other things that a resonant probe based on a segment of a double wire line can be used in the nonlinear mode for measuring the electron temperature. The possibilities of using a resonant microwave probe in the diagnostics of nonstationary processes in a plasma associated with small perturba tions of the concentration were analyzed in [6]. Here, we will demonstrate the record high sensitivity of a measuring system used for recording relative density perturbations at a level of 10 -5 to 10 -6 in a plasma with an electron concentrations on the order of 10 12 cm -3 .…”
Section: Introductioinmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Resonant near field probing is a method success fully used for studying the electrodynamic characteris tics of substances (including plasmas) in the micro wave range [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Depending on the working fre quency, either oscillatory circuits with concentrated parameters or distributed resonant systems can be used as measuring transducers.…”
Section: Introductioinmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The simplest distributed resonator in the microwave range is a segment of a double wire line. The resonant system (microwave probe) prepared on its basis is successfully used for diagnostics of low temperature plasmas [4][5][6]. A microwave probe placed in a plasma makes it possible to determine the local values of the electron density.…”
A method of resonant near field microwave probing is developed for contactless diagnostics of a high pressure plasma. The efficiency of this method in measuring the parameters of the plasma of an rf capac itive discharge in argon under atmospheric pressure is demonstrated. The experimental results are compared with the data obtained using the independent method, the microwave radiation "cutoff," and with theoretical estimates.
“…The pump modified plasma region was scanned by probe waves with the frequencies f p = 30-60 MHz, which were excited by loop antennas with a diameter of d p = 1-5 cm at the power level no more than P p ~ 0.1 W and were also trapped in the duct. The background value and pertur bations of the plasma density were measured by a probe with a microwave cavity in a quarter wave seg ment of a double wire line [14]. Perturbations of the ambient magnetic field were detected by shielded six loop magnetic probes with a diameter of 2 cm, which were isolated from the plasma by a dielectric layer.…”
Waves of the very low and extremely low frequency (VLF and ELF) ranges propagating in the near Earth plasma mainly in the whistler mode are of significant fundamental interest [1], are important for the organi zation and support of very long distance radio commu nication [2], and provide a powerful tool for the diag nostics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere [3]. Wave action on the ionosphere and magnetosphere in the VLF-ELF range is one of the urgent problems of modern plasma geophysics [4]. For the generation of waves with the intensity sufficient for their reliable detection after passage through long ionospheric and magnetospheric paths, ground based stations with powers up to several megawatts are used; the operation of these stations is inevitably accompanied by the development of nonlinear phenomena in the plasma, including the heating and redistribution of the iono spheric plasma [5][6][7], as well as the appearance of fluxes of accelerated charged particles [8,9]. As a result, in the case of the propagation of low frequency waves through common paths, nonlinear effects can result in the mutual enrichment of the frequency spec trum of these waves, in particular, cross modulation, i.e., the modulation of one wave by the law of change of the envelope of another wave [10].Mechanisms of the nonlinear interaction between waves that are responsible for such phenomena are often controversial [11]. Laboratory simulation of nonlinear plasma wave phenomena, as well as theo retical analysis and numerical experiments, is promis ing for the interpretation of data on the interaction of low frequency waves in the near Earth plasma. The advantage of this simulation over a natural experiment is the control of the parameters of the plasma and radi ation, as well as the possibility of multiple reproduc tion of the processes under study with purposeful vari ation of the conditions under which they occur. These experiments can be performed on a limited number of worldwide laboratory facilities which allow the forma tion of a highly uniform column of a low temperature magnetized plasma with dimensions much larger than the wavelength of radiation. The phenomenon of cross modulation of low frequency waves in the mag netized plasma is detected and studied for the first time under laboratory conditions close in similarity parameters to those in the Earth's ionosphere.The experiments were performed on the Krot plasma device in a column of the decaying plasma of an inductive discharge with a length of about 4 m and a diameter of 1.5 m at the electron density n e = 10 10 -10 12 cm -3 , electron temperature T e = 0.5-1 eV, and ambient magnetic field B 0 ~ 100 G (electron cyclotron frequency f ce = 300 MHz). The scaling parameters of the laboratory experiment-plasma density n e and ambient magnetic field strength B 0 -were similar to values in the outer ionosphere and magnetosphere of the Earth with the scaling factor γ = 300-3000 [12]. The collision frequency, which is a nonscaling param eter, is much smaller than the radiation frequ...
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