Diagnósticos de enfermagem no paciente com insuficiência cardíaca: revisão integrativa / Nursing diagnoses in patients with heart failure: integrative review

Abstract

Introdução: A Insuficiência Cardíaca Aguda é uma síndrome que causa impacto direto na qualidade de vida do indivíduo, em que os afazeres diários são dificultados pelas repercussões físicas impostas pela doença. Desta forma é de extrema importância que os profissionais de saúde planejem intervenções para minimizar o impacto desta doença sobre a população. Objetivo: Descrever quais diagnósticos de enfermagem são mais predominantes entre os pacientes com IC. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando os descritores "Insuficiência cardíaca/Heart Failure and diagnóstico de enfermagem/Nursing Diagnoses" no portal virtual da BVS, que contêm as bases de dados bibliográficos LILACS, SciELO, BDENF e MEDLINE, publicados entre 2016 a 2021. Foram encontrados 372 artigos pelos autores, sendo 18 triados para avaliação do conteúdo em dupla e selecionados 11 para discussão da pesquisa e excluídos 7 por não estarem em concordância com os critérios da pesquisa. Resultados: Os diagnósticos mais encontrados dentre os 11 estudos foram: débito cardíaco diminuído, intolerância à atividade, ansiedade, fadiga e volume de líquido excessivo. Conclusão: O conhecimento sobre os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem poderá auxiliar os profissionais e acadêmicos a aplicarem o processo de enfermagem, e a planejarem suas intervenções, a fim de melhorar a qualidade da assistência.Palavras-chave: insuficiência cardíaca, diagnóstico de enfermagem.

Nursing diagnoses for people hospitalized with heart failure: an integrative review

“…In relation to NDs, in agreement with the present study, DCO, EFV and DAT were the most prevalent in the integrative review that sought to verify the knowledge generated and disseminated in the world literature on NDs in people hospitalized with HF ( 47 ) . Another recent review that included 11 studies showed DCO, DAT, Anxiety, FA and EFV among the most frequently encountered NDs ( 43 ) . However, the authors of that review did not restrict people in the context of outpatient care, including studies based on the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) in addition to NANDA-I ( 43 ) .…”

“…Another recent review that included 11 studies showed DCO, DAT, Anxiety, FA and EFV among the most frequently encountered NDs ( 43 ) . However, the authors of that review did not restrict people in the context of outpatient care, including studies based on the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) in addition to NANDA-I ( 43 ) .…”

“…Recently, an integrative review that described the priority NDs in people with HF identified that DCO was the most prevalent ( 43 ) . Another current study identified DCs and contributing factors to this diagnosis, with emphasis on identifying four new related factors (hyperglycemic stress, prone position, left lateral position and sleep deprivation), adding evidence that supports the maintenance of this ND in NANDA-I terminology ( 48 ) .…”

“…EFV is frequently documented for people with congestive symptoms ( 22 , 36 , 42 - 43 ) , showing a relationship with the hemodynamic profiles displayed in clinical assessment ( 34 ) , in addition to high accuracy by nurses who evaluated people with HF in the first 24 hours of hospitalization ( 35 ) . The most common clinical manifestations are attributed to respiratory distress and right ventricular overload ( 29 ) and are consistent with the study that identified dyspnea, orthopnea, edema, positive hepatojugular reflux, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, pulmonary congestion and increased central venous pressure as the main DC in people with decompensated HF ( 21 ) .…”

“…Despite requiring accuracy to support its accuracy ( 27 ) and often presenting disagreement among experts ( 30 ) , DAT is also one of the most prevalent in studies that identify NDs in people with HF decompensation ( 19 , 37 , 43 ) .…”