Diagnóstico de alterações neurológicas compressivas da medula espinal de cães com o uso da Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) Helicoidal

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(6):569-575, junho 2014 569 RESUMO.-Alterações neurológicas em cães são comuns na rotina da clínica médica, sendo necessário identificar o sítio de lesão quando da ocorrência de neuropatias por compressão em estruturas do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC). O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo epidemiológico das alterações neurológicas compressivas em medula espinal de cães domiciliados em Salvador e região metropolitana: Discopatias, Neoplasias e Traumas identificadas através da Tomografia Computadorizada (TC). Foram avaliados 17 cães de diversas raças com idade entre 2 e 10 anos e de ambos os sexos, atendidos na rotina de dois serviços médicos-veterinários e encaminhados para realização do exame conforme indicação clínica. Imagens em cortes com espessura variando de 0,5 a 2mm em rotação foram produzidas com o Tomógrafo. Dos animais que apresentaram discopatia 12/17 (70,58%), por mielopatia extradural 6/12 (50 %), foram da raça Dachshund com idade média 7,33±1,97 anos e para todos os outros a ocorrência foi pontual; 23,53 % de osteopatias vertebrais, neoplasias ósseas e fraturas, e 5,89% correspondente a neoplasia de medula. Neurological disorders in dogs are common in veterinary medical practice routine, being necessary to identify the site of injury in the event of compression on structures of the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this work was an epidemiological study of neurological changes in compressive spinal cord of pet dogs in Salvador and the metropolitan area. Discopathies, neoplasms and trauma were identified by Computed Tomography (CT). We evaluated 17 dogs of various breeds, aged between 2 and 10 years old and of both sexes, from two veterinary medical routine services and forwarded to the examination as clinically indicated. Slice images with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 2mm were produced in rotation with the tomograph. Animals that showed disc disease (70.58%) for extradural myelopathy 6/12 (50%) were the breed Dachshund, mean age 7.33±1.97 years and for all other occurrence was timely; 23.53% of vertebral bone disease, bone tumors and fractures, and 5.89% corresponding to neoplasm marrow. There was a higher incidence of injuries segments L2-L3 (25%), followed by C4-C6 (16.67%), T12-T13 (16.67%), L7-S1 (16.67%) of cases. Diagnóstico de alterações neurológicas compressivas da medulaINDEX TERMS: Diagnostic imaging, canine, central nervous system, intervertebral disc disease, spinal cord neoplasm, bone fracture.

Comparison between cervical vertebrae of man and of the domestic animals

“…Among the cervical vertebrae, with the exception of the atlas and axis, it is possible to detect the presence of intervertebral discs, essential structures that act as shock absorbers and assist in the stability of the spinal column (COSTA, 2010;SANTINI et al, 2010;BORGES-DOS-SANTOS et al, 2014). Various conditions can affect the cervical vertebrae, such as fractures, polyarthritis, spinal canal stenosis, ankylosis and ankylosing spondylitis; thus, Vastardis and Evans (1996) and Gonçalves et al (2018) highlighted the importance of knowing the anatomy of these bone elements, since some anomalies that compromise them can be asymptomatic, compromising the quality of life and survival of those affected.…”